Maternal Sepsis and Infections Flashcards
what type of infection is rubella?
viral infection
presentation of rubella
fever
rash
lymphadenopathy
polyarthritis
triad of congenital rubella
cataracts
cardiac abnormalities (PDA)
deafness
when is congenital rubella most likely to develop?
<10 weeks gestation = 90% chance
diagnosis of rubella
IgG antibody and IgM within 10 days of exposure
management of rubella
consider TOP if early gestation
supportive= fluids, rest and avoid contact with other pregnant women
what is measles?
paramyxovirus
presentation of measles
fever runny nose cough red eyed white spots inside mouth rash (forehead to begin with)
risks in measles
not teratogenic but risk pre-term and IUGR
what is chickenpox?
VZV DNA virus of the herpes family
presentation of chickenpox
fever
malaise
vesicular rash
management of chickenpox in pregnancy
avoid contact with other pregnant women
supportive
consider acyclovir if 20+ weeks
what can happen if chickenpox develops during 7-28 weeks?
foetal varicella syndrome
what is foetal varicella syndrome
trans-placental infection
presentation of foetal varicella syndrome
hypoplastic limbs psychomotor retardation IUGR chorioretinal scarring cataracts microencephaly cutaneous scarring
what happens if you get chickenpox 4 weeks before delivery?
neonatal chickenpox
what happens if you get chickenpox 7 days before delivery?
neonatal chickenpox with septicaemia
what type of virus is CMV?
herpes virus
what is the most common non-genetic cause of SNHL and disability?
CMV
when is CMV more risky?
3rd trimester unlike other viruses
diagnosis of CMV
IgG and IgM
management of CMV in pregnancy
valacyclovir
hyperimmune globulin
what does parvovirus affect?
erythroid precursors
presentation of parvovirus
slapped cheek aplastic anaemia congenital heart failure hydrops foetal death
when is the risk of parvovirus highest to the neonate?
<10 weeks gestation
diagnosis of parvovirus
IgM
serial USS and foetal MCA doppler
management of parvovirus
avoid contact with children and other pregnant women
how is zika virus transmitted?
mosquito bite
what does zika cause in the unborn child?
microcephaly brain defects hearing vision limited joint motion seizures swallowing developmental delays
what is toxoplasmosis?
parasitic infection
where is toxoplasmosis found?
raw meat
cat faeces
how is toxoplasmosis transmitted?
transplacental
what are babies born with if their mother has toxoplasmosis?
hydrocephalus chorioretinitis cerebral calcifications microcephaly mental retardation
management of toxoplasmosis
self limiting
spiramycin to reduce transmission
what is listeria?
grame +ve bacillus
where is listeria found?
soil
infected food animal products
presentation of listeriosis
flu
can cause neonatal death, preterm, miscarriage and stillbirth
management of listeriosis
- Ampicillin + gentamicin
- Trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole
management of group B strep during pregnancy
penicillin during labour
