Endometrial Cancer Flashcards
peak age of incidence of endometrial cancer
50-60
what to consider if young onset of endometrial cancer?
PCOS
Lynch syndrome
risk factors for endometrial cancer
obesity
predisposing syndrome (PCOS, Lynch)
tamoxifen
why is obesity a risk factor for endometrial cancer
- adipocytes express aromatase that converts ovarian androgens to oestrogen
- SHBG is lower in obese women leading to endometrial proliferation
two classes of endometrial cancer
- endometrioid carcinoma
2. serous carcinoma
precursor to endometrioid carcinoma
atypical hyperplasia
associations with endometrioid carcinoma
unopposed oestrogen PTEN KRAS PIK3CA MSI germline mutation (Lynch syndrome)
precursor for serous carcinoma
intraepitelial carcinoma
associations with serous carcinoma
post-menopausal women
TP53
aggressive
other endometrial tumours
stroma sarcoma
carcinosarcoma
presentation of endometrial cancer
abnormal bleeding e.g. post-menopausal
diagnosis of endometrial cancer
TVUS
MRI for invasion
CT for metastasis
management of endometrial cancer
- Total abdominal hysterectomy/ bilateral salpingoophorectomy/ washing
- Lymphadenectomy
- Radiotherapy and chemotherapy as adjuvants (beware of side effects)
what does Lynch syndrome have high risk of?
colorectal cancer endometrial cancer (ovarian too)
what is Lynch syndrome?
AD DNA mismatch repair genes which shows MSI
