main antibiotics

Question 1

what are the main antibiotics

Answer 1

penicillins
cephalosporins
tetracyclines
aminoglycosides
fluoroquinolone
macrodlies

Question 2

macrolides

Answer 2

antibiotics which have a bacteriostatic effect. They work by binding to the 50s subunit, prevent protein synthesis and this stops the bacteria from being able to grow or reproduce. –> mainly work by preventing translation

Question 3

structure of macrolides

Answer 3

1-16 macrolactone ring. with an amino sugar attached

Question 4

fluoroquinolones

Answer 4

antibiotics with a bactericidal effect. They target a bacterial topoisomerase IV- DNA gyrate. This prevented DNA from being uncoiled, so it cannot be translated. They cause irreversible damage to bacteria and have no effect on human cells since they do not have DNA gyrase

Question 5

how do fluorquinolones enter human cells

Answer 5

+ve- passive diffusion

-ve- via outer membrane porins

Question 6

fluoroquinlones used to treat

Answer 6

UTIs

Question 7

cephalosporins

Answer 7

broad-spectrum, semi, synthetic B, lactase. Derived from mould.

Chemically interferes with cell wall synthesis- bacteriocidal

Question 8

cephalosporins are chemically related to

Answer 8

penicillins

Question 9

which type of antibiotic was the first to be produced

Answer 9

sulfanamides- bacteriostatic

Question 10

penicillins

Answer 10

all B-lactam- broad range - inhibits cell wall synthesis