Life events

Question 1

Developed the social readjustment scale

Answer 1

Holmes and Rahe

Question 2

Top three most stressful life events in the Holmes Rahe stress scale

Answer 2

Death of a spouse, divorce, marital separation

Question 3

Units of stress in the Holmes Rahe Stress Scale from death of a spouse

Answer 3

100

Question 4

Units of stress in the Holmes Rahe Stress Scale from divorce

Answer 4

73

Question 5

Developed the life events and difficulties schedule to measure the stressfulness of life events

Answer 5

Brown and Harris

Question 6

Psychological measurement of stressful life events that gives each event an arbitrary value for stress with a maximum of 100

Answer 6

Holmes Rahe Stress Scale/social readjustment rating scale

Question 7

Psychological measurement of stressful life events where an interview is carried out contextualising events - the event is then rated blind to give it a degree of stressfulness by people given the context provided by the interviewee

Answer 7

Life events and difficulties schedule

Question 8

Phenomenon that recurrent episodes of depression have fewer preceding life events on average than the first episode

Answer 8

Kindling phenomenon

Question 9

Frequency of desirable life events in the depressed population compared to healthy controls

Answer 9

The same

Question 10

Concept of heritability of life events

Answer 10

Idea that genetic vulnerability to poor mental health can increase the risk for psychiatric illness by causing individuals to place themselves into environments that are high risk for stressful life events

Question 11

Scale that looks at the number of potentially traumatic events an individual has experienced up to the age of 17

Answer 11

Adverse childhood experiences scale (ACEs)

Question 12

Examples of adverse childhood experiences

Answer 12

Domestic violence
Parental abandonment
A parent having a mental health condition
Being the victim of abuse or neglect
A member of the household being in prison
A member of the household experiencing drug or alcohol misuse problems

Question 13

Compared to adults with no adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), those with four or more are more likely to

Answer 13

Have been in prison
Develop heart disease
Develop T2DM
Have committed violence in the last 12 months
Have health harming behaviours e.g. smoking, drug use, high risk drinking

Question 14

Life event questionnaire that asks 53 questions about positive and negative events that occur in everyday life

Answer 14

Hassles and uplifts scale

Question 15

Impact of parental death in childhood on the risk of depression in later life

Answer 15

No impact

Question 16

Early childhood life events that increase the risk of depression in later life

Answer 16

Parental divorce
Sexual abuse
Non-caring parental style
Over-protective parental style
Maternal post-natal depression