Levels of awareness

Question 1

System in the brain which is activated leading to an alert state

Answer 1

Reticular activating system

Question 2

The study of biological rhythms e.g. sleep wake cycles

Answer 2

Chronobiology

Question 3

Category of biological processes that repeat every 24 hours e.g. a sleep wake cycle

Answer 3

Circadian

Question 4

Category of biological processes that take less than 24 hours to complete a cycle e.g. phased brain activities during sleep

Answer 4

Ultradian

Question 5

Category of biological processes that take longer than 24 hours to complete a cycle e.g. a menstrual cycle

Answer 5

Infradian

Question 6

External time cues that impact biorhythms

Answer 6

Zeitgebers

Question 7

Area in the brain that acts as an internal pacemaker and regulates biorhythms

Answer 7

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

Question 8

State of consciousness with focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness

Answer 8

Hypnosis

Question 9

Two theories about what occurs during hypnosis

Answer 9

Altered state - hypnosis is an altered state of awareness

Non-state - hypnosis is a form of imaginative role-enactment

Question 10

A state of consciousness other than normal waking or sleeping consciousness, can be seen in hypnosis, meditation, prayer or after consuming recreational drugs

Answer 10

Trance

Question 11

Percentage of sleep time spent in sleep stage 1

Answer 11

5%

Question 12

Percentage of sleep time spent in sleep stage 2

Answer 12

45%

Question 13

Percentage of sleep time spent in sleep stage 3

Answer 13

15%

Question 14

Percentage of sleep time spent in REM sleep

Answer 14

25%

Question 15

EEG findings in sleep stage 1

Answer 15

Theta waves (4-7 Hz)

Question 16

EEG findings in sleep stage 2

Answer 16

Theta waves, K complexes and sleep spindles

Question 17

EEG findings in sleep stage 3

Answer 17

Delta waves (0-4 Hz)

Question 18

EEG findings in REM sleep

Answer 18

Mixed, predominantly beta

Question 19

Characteristics of sleep stage 1

Answer 19

Dozing off
Hypnotic jerks
Myoclonic contractions associated with a feeling of falling

Question 20

Characteristics of sleep stage 2

Answer 20

Drop in body temperature
Slowed heart and breathing rate
Eye movement stops

Question 21

Characteristics of sleep stage 3

Answer 21

Deepest stage of sleep

Length of stage 3 sleep decreases over the course of the night

Question 22

Characteristics of REM sleep

Answer 22

Dreaming
Rapid eye movements
Penile erection
Deafness
Loss of muscle tone
Autonomic instability