Lecture 6 Arteries & Veins

Question 1

The pathway of supply arteries (6 diaphragm to sole of foot)

Answer 1

Common Iliac Artery

External Iliac Artery

Femoral Artery

Popliteal Artery

Posterior Tibial Artery

Plantar Arch

Question 2

Drainage channel to heart
The pathway of drainage veins (6 foot to diaphragm)
alt pathway

Answer 2

Plantar venous arch

Posterior tibial vein

Popliteal vein
(Great saphenous vein)
Femoral vein

External Iliac vein

Common Iliac vein

Inferior vena cava

Question 3

Great saphenous vein

Answer 3

longest vein in body, harvest for coronary artery bypass graft
Runs along superficial compartment
As it comes towards the trunk it joins up to the femoral vein

Question 4

Blood vessels have a three layered wall

Answer 4

Tunica (layer) Intima
Tunica (layer) Media
Tunica (layer) Adventitia (Externa)

Question 5

Tunica Intima consists of

Answer 5

Endothelium - A simple squamous epithelium which lines the lumen of all vessels.

Sub-endothelium - A sparse pad of loose FCT cushioning the endothelium.

Internal Elastic Lamina (IEL)- a condensed sheet of elastic tissue. The IEL is well developed in arteries and less developed in veins.

Question 6

Endothelium

Answer 6

A simple squamous epithelium which lines the lumen of all vessels.
eg heart chambers, valves, capillary, artery, veins.

Really thin non stick surface prevents clots.

part of tunica intima.

Question 7

Sub-endothelium

Answer 7

A sparse pad of loose FCT cushioning the endothelium.

part of tunica intima

Question 8

Internal Elastic Lamina (IEL)-

Answer 8

a condensed sheet of elastic tissue. The IEL is well developed in arteries and less developed in veins.

part of tunica intima

Question 9

Tunica Media consists of

Answer 9

Smooth muscle (involuntary, non striated, in blood vessels)

connective tissue fibres - Elastin and collagen.

Thickness proportional to both vessel diameter and blood pressure.

Thicker (artery) higher pressure

Thinner (vein) lower pressure

Question 10

Tunica Adventitia (Externa)

Answer 10

Loose FCT - high content of collagen and variable amount of elastin.

In larger vessels, has vasa vasorum (smaller vessels).

Lymphatics and autonomic nerves.

Question 11

Thoracic Aorta (known as, consists of)

Answer 11

elastic artery

Elastic throughout Tunica media
IEL
Rubbery elastic pipe

Question 12

Femoral artery (known as, consists of)

Answer 12

Muscular artery

Dominated by smooth muscle not a lot of elastic in tunica media
IEL

Question 13

Arteriole

Answer 13

small arteries,

Resistance vessels of circulation determine blood pressure.

Question 14

Capillaries

Answer 14

Site of exchange between blood and tissues.

Question 15

Venules

Answer 15

start of the drainage system (collects)

Question 16

Veins Functions

Answer 16

Low pressure, large volume transport system
One-way (unidirectional) flow
Capacitance vessels

Question 17

Veins Histological Structure

Answer 17

Irregular, flattened shape with large lumen & thin wall.

Question 18

Veins 3 layers

Answer 18

Intima

Media -Much thinner than arteries - a few layers of smooth muscle (often in two distinct layers).

Adventitia -Often the thickest layer of a vein.

Question 19

Tunica intima made up of

Answer 19

Endothelium
Sub endothelium
Internal elastic lamina (IEL)

Question 20

Endothelium

Answer 20

• makes up Tunica Intima
• A simple squamous epithelium which lines the lumen of all vessels. Eg heart chambers, heart valves, capillary, artery, veins.
• Really thin, non stick surface prevents clots

Question 21

Sub-endothelium

Answer 21

• makes up Tunica Intima

- A sparse pad of loose FCT. cushioning the endothelium.

Question 22

Internal Elastic Lamina (IEL)

Answer 22

• makes up Tunica Intima
• a condensed sheet of elastic tissue.
• well developed in arteries and less in veins.

Question 23

Capacitance vessels

Answer 23

Have spare capacity

can take up extra blood volume

Question 24

neurovascular bundle

Answer 24

artery
veins
nerves

Question 25

Vascular bundle

Answer 25

Artery

vein

Question 26

what happens to veins when skeletal muscle contracts?

Answer 26

Skeletal muscles squeezes on veins and pushed blood to the heart only as valves are pushed open. Unable to go back to feet because leaflets close to prevent backflow.
Calf muscle pump
upright posture

Question 27

what veins are between skeletal muscles?

Answer 27

Deep vein

Question 28

Varicose veins

Answer 28

• distend, wider, more dilated
• valve leaflets don’t get longer
• Leaflets unable to come back together to form a seal and blood will fall back down due to gravity.