Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HUBS192 2024 > Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Flashcards

Arteries and Veins

1
Q

What is the supply structure?

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the drainage structure?

A

Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the arteries of the supply system from the heart to the foot

A

Common iliac artery -> External iliac artery -> Femoral artery -> Popliteal artery -> posterior tibial artery -> plantar arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the positioning of the supply arteries between the heart and foot

A

All deep, below deep fascia and surrounded by skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the veins of the deep drainage system from the foot to the heart

A

Plantar venous arch -> Posterior tibial vein -> Popliteal vein -> femoral vein -> External iliac vein -> common iliac vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the veins of the superficial drainage system from the foot to the heart

A

Plantar venous arch -> great saphenous vein -> external iliac vein -> common iliac vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the positioning of the great saphenous vein between the heart and foot

A

Superficial, longest vein in the body from medial malleolus at the ankle to the groin. The vein joins the deep system at the femoral vein approaching the trunk. Above deep fascia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three layers to blood vessel walls, from deepest to most superficial?

A

Tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia (externa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three structures within the tunica intima?

A

Endothelium, Sub-endothelium, Internal elastic lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the endothelium of the tunica intima?

A

A simple squamous epithelium which lines the lumen on all vessels. Deepest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the sub-endothelium of the tunica intima?

A

A sparse pad of loose fibrous connective tissue that cushions the endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the internal elastic lamina of the tunica intima?

A

A condensed sheet of elastic tissue. The IEL is well developed in arteries and less developed in veins. It forms a barrier between the tunica intima and media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the tunica intima?

A

To create a non-stick barrier so blood can’t coagulate and clot on the vessel wall.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the three components of the tunica media?

A

Smooth muscle, connective tissue fibres, variable thickness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the smooth muscle of the tunica media

A

Forms around the long axis of the vessel and is therefore running circumferentially. When the cell shortens, the lumen narrows and vise versa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the connective tissue fibres in the tunica media?

A

Elastin and collagen

17
Q

Describe the variable thickness of the tunica media

A

The thickness is proportional to the vessel diameter and blood pressure. High BP = thicker

18
Q

What are the three components of the tunica adventitia (externa) ?

A

Loose fibrous connective tissue, vasa vasorum, lymphatics and autonomic nerves

19
Q

Describe the loose FCT of the tunica adventitia (externa)

A

High content of fibrous collagen and variable elastin

20
Q

Describe the vasa vasorum

A

The blood vessels are an organ system. The vasa vasorum are their blood supply for nutrients and O2. It enters and exits through the externa in order to nourish the media.

21
Q

What are the autonomic nerves in the tunica externa and what are their function?

A

Smooth muscle nerves of the PNS and SNS which contract involuntarily

22
Q

What are the differences between an elastic artery and a muscular artery?

A

The compositions of the tunica media and the distance from the heart

23
Q

Describe an elastic artery

A

Very thick media wall as it is carrying blood at high pressures. Very high content of elastic tissue within the media. Close to the heart.

24
Q

Describe a muscular artery

A

Thinner media wall as it is carrying blood at lower pressures. High content of smooth muscle cells in media. Distant from the heart.

25
Q

Describe the relationship between systolic and diastolic BP as distance from the heart increases

A

They decrease independently, and the difference between them also decreases

26
Q

Why does the proportion of systolic and diastolic BP decrease as distance increases?

A

We want smooth and slow pressure at capillary beds for highest efficiency exchange

27
Q

What is an arteriole?

A

The smallest arteries in the body

28
Q

What is the function of an arteriole?

A

The resistance vessels of the circulation - determines blood pressure (resistance)

29
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

The site of exchange between blood and tissue

30
Q

What are venues

A

The smallest veins

31
Q

What is a venous valve

A

A valve in low pressure venous systems that ensures the one way direction of blood flow

32
Q

What are the functions of veins

A

A low pressure, large volume and unidirectional transport system. They are capacitance vessels

33
Q

What is a capacitance vessel?

A

A vessel with spare capacity (can take up extra volume)

34
Q

What is the physical appearance of veins?

A

Irregular, flattened shape with large lumen and thin wall that collapses from self pressure when the blood has been removed

35
Q

What is the thickest layer of arterys?

A

The tunica media

36
Q

What is the thickest layer of veins?

A

The tunica adventitia (externa)

37
Q

Why are there often 2 or 3 veins per artery?

A

Needs more cross-sectional area in veins to move the same mL of blood per second. Therefore to gain more CSA, there is often more structures.

38
Q

What do valves within veins ensure?

A

Blood flows unidirectionally and does not fall due to gravity

39
Q

What is varicose vein?

A

When the veins stretch under pressure but the valve leaflets do not, so there is a ‘leaky valve’ where blood doesn’t flow properly

HUBS192 2024 (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions