Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HUBS192 2024 > Lecture 22 > Flashcards

Lecture 22 Flashcards

1
Q

What gets delivered into the SI?

A

Acidic chyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What protects the SI from the acidic chyme?

A

Epithelium with goblet cells on surface, mucus-secreting glands in submucosa and neutralising pH (bicarbonate) from pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the liver secrete for digestion?

A

Bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the pancreas secrete for digestion?

A

Enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the three regions of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the shortest region of the SI?

A

Duodenum, ~25cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the respective lengths of the jejunum and ileum?

A

~2.5m and ~3.5m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the total length of the SI?

A

~6m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the duodenum?

A

To receive chyme from the stomach, enzymes & bicarbonate from the pancreas and bile from the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the jejunum and ileum?

A

Digestion and absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What section of the SI lies retroperitoneal

A

Duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What holds the jejunum and ileum in place?

A

The mesentery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the mesentery?

A

To allow movement but prevent tangling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the mesentery contain?

A

Blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the mesentery made up of?

A

Peritoneum which makes it slippery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What enters the mesenteric veins?

A

Nutrient-rich, deoxygenated blood

17
Q

Where do the mesenteric veins drain?

A

To the hepatic portal vein

18
Q

Where do the lymph lacteals of the mesentery drain?

A

Into the cisterna chyil -> thoracic duct -> left subclavian vein

19
Q

What is a requirement of the SI in order to fully carry out digestion and absorption?

A

A very large surface area

20
Q

How is a large surface area achieved in the SI?

A

Length, plicae circulares, villi, microvilli

21
Q

What are plicae circulares?

A

Permanent large folds of the SI wall, a core of submucosa with overlying mucosa

22
Q

How many muscularis layers does the SI contain?

A

2; inner circular and outer longitudinal

23
Q

What are villi?

A

Part of the mucosa, found on the surface of the plicae circulares

24
Q

What are villi made of?

A

A core of lamina propria that contains lymph lacteals for products fat digestion and a capillary network for products of protein and carbohydrate digestion

25
Q

What allows villi movement?

A

Muscularis mucosae

26
Q

What are microvilli?

A

Extensions off the simple columnar epithelial cells of the enterocytes on their apical surface

27
Q

What does the microvilli form?

A

A brush boarder

28
Q

What is the function of the microvilli brush boarder?

A

Contact digestion involving enzymes

29
Q

What does the plasma membrane contain?

A

Proteins; channels and transporters for its semipermeable membrane

30
Q

What do the tight junctions between the epithelial cells allow?

A

Allow small molecules to diffuse through

31
Q

What are the five types of SI cells?

A

Enterocytes, goblet cells, paneth cells, endocrine cells, stem cells

32
Q

What are the enterocytes?

A

Absorptive cells

33
Q

What is the function of the goblet cells?

A

Secrete mucous for protection and lubrication

34
Q

What are the paneth cells?

A

Granule containing cells with antibacterial enzymes

35
Q

What is the function of the endocrine cells?

A

To secrete hormones

36
Q

What is the function of the stem cells?

A

To make all cell types in order to replenish cells in tract

37
Q

What is an intestinal crypt?

A

Part of the mucosa which projects downwards like a gland. Keeps cells safe and decreases damage

38
Q

What is the function of the intestinal crypt?

A

To increase surface area

39
Q

What separates the small and large intestines?

A

The ileocecal valve, which regulates the passage of material into the large intestine via a sphincter

HUBS192 2024 (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions