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HUBS192 2024 > Lecture 10 > Flashcards

Lecture 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Is blood pressure high or low in systemic arteries?

A

High

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2
Q

Is blood pressure high or low in veins?

A

Low

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3
Q

Where does BP fall steeply?

A

Across arterioles, capillaries and venules

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4
Q

What does MAP stand for?

A

Mean arterial blood pressure

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5
Q

What is the driving force for blood flow?

A

The large difference in pressure between the arterial and venous sides

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6
Q

What is haemodynamics?

A

How blood flows in a single vessel

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7
Q

What is the blood flow equation? (in relation to pressure and resistance)

A

Flow = Pressure / Resistance

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8
Q

What is the blood flow equation (in relation to MAP and resistance)

A

MAP = Flow x Resistance

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9
Q

What is the stroke volume and heart rate of a healthy human heart?

A

~70mL / beat and ~60-80 beats/min

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10
Q

What is the stroke volume and heart rate of a failing human heart?

A

~40mL / beat and ~120-130 beats/min

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11
Q

Is cardiac output variable or fixed?

A

Variable

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12
Q

What is max heart rate in a human?

A

220 - age

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13
Q

How is arterial BP maintained?

A

Via the hearts independent electrical system and monitoring from the brain

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14
Q

What are baroreceptors?

A

blood pressure sensors

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15
Q

What type of receptors are baroreceptors?

A

Stretch receptors

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16
Q

Where are the baroreceptors found?

A

In the walls of arteries

17
Q

What are the two baroreceptors?

A

Carotid artery and aortic arch

18
Q

What is the relationship between stretch and signals sent in the baroreceptors?

A

More stretch from increased blood volume leads to more frequent and stronger signals to the brain

19
Q

What is afferent flow of information?

A

Into the brain from the heart and vessels

20
Q

What is efferent flow of information?

A

Out of the brain and into the heart and vessels

21
Q

What is sympathetic information?

A

Fight and flight, increases heart beat pressure and frequency

22
Q

What is parasympathetic information?

A

Rest and digest, decreases heart beat pressure and frequency

23
Q

What are the two nerves communicating to the heart?

A

Vagus nerve and Sympathetic cardiac nerve

24
Q

What happens in the cardiac system when the body goes from lying down to standing up?

A

Stroke volume decreases
Cardiac output decreases slightly
Heart rate increases significantly
MAP remains relatively constant, small decrease
Ventricular resistance increases

HUBS192 2024 (38 decks)

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