Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Bacteriology > Lecture 24 - Treponema, Actinobacillus, and PANSF > Flashcards

Lecture 24 - Treponema, Actinobacillus, and PANSF Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four treponema species of importance?

A

Paraluiscuniculi
Phagedenis
Vincentii
Denticola

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What Treponema ssp. occurs in rabbits? How does it present?

A

Paraluiscuniculi = Vent disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What Trepomnema causes lameness in cattle and sheep?

A

Phagedenis
Vincentii
Denticola

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of bacteria is Treponema?

A

Spirochete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the pathology of bovine digital dermitis?

A

Interdigital inflammatory lesions

Proliferative dermatitis on bulbs of heels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When do you see bovine digital dermatitis the most?

A

First-calved heifers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two forms of bovine digital dermatitis?

A

Erosive + Verrucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the bovine digital dermatitis form in the US?

A

Verrucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the bovine digital dermatitis from in the UK?

A

Erosive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the scoring system for bovine digital dermatitis?

A

M1 (mild) –> M4 Chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Term: M1

A

Early, small epithelial defects

Red to gray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Term: M2

A

Acute, active ulcerative lesion
White halo
Lesion has scab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Term: M3

A

Healing stage

1-2 days after topical therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Term: M4

A

Chronic stage, thicken epithelium
Scabbed or filamentous
Several cm in diameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the pathology of ovine digital dermatitis?

A

Mildly virulent form of footrot
Seperation of hoof horn
Ulcerative lesions on coronary band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do you tell Bovine and Ovine digital dermatitis apart?

A 
Bovine = interdigital lesions 
Ovine = Coronary band lesions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What other bacteria can be present with ovine dermatitis?

A

Dichelobacter nodosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How is vent disease diagnosed?

A

VDRL slide test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is it hard to diagnose treponema?

A

Multifactorial infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What color does Treponema stain with FISH?

A

Yellow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the treatment for Bovine digital dermatitis?

A

oxytetracycline
No vaccines
Footbaths = Linco + erthryo + oxytetracycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is used to treat vent disease?

A

Penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How is ovine contagious digital dermatitis treated?

A

No real treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What type of bacteria is actinobacillus?

A

Gram(-)

Coccobacilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are enzymatic properties of actinobacillus?
Ferment carbs (not lactose) Urease + Oxidase +
26
Where is actinobacillus normally found?
Mucous membranes | URT + Oral cavity
27
How long can actinobacillus make it in the environment?
Can't host transmission is VITAL
28
What are the species of actinobacillus?
``` Pleuropneumonia Equuli Suis Seminis Lingineresii ```
29
Animals: Pleuropneumonia
Pigs
30
Animals: Equuli
Horse + Pigs + Cattle
31
Animals: Suis
Pigs + Horses
32
Animals: Seminis
Sheep + Goat
33
What allows A. pleuropneumoniae to attach to epithelial cells?
LPS + Fimbria
34
Where does A. pleuropneumoniae like to survive in host?
Macrophages -- and -- Rapidosomes
35
What allows A. pleuropneumoniae from being phagostize?
Capsule
36
What are the four cytotoxins that A. pleuropneumonia contain?
APX I-IV
37
What do the Apx cytotoxins do?
Create pores in hosts cells Release of inflammatory mediators Call in neutrophils to infected pulmonary tissue
38
What happens to Neutrophils once they reach the pulmonary tissue in an A. Pleuropneumonia infection?
Damaged by toxins | Release lytic enzyme --> tissue damage
39
Where does A. Pleuropneumonia localize in pigs?
Colonize tonsils
40
What is seen with A. Pleuropneumonia infections in pigs?
Necrotizing fibrinohemorrhagic pneumonia + Pleuritis + Pericarditis
41
What is a diagnostic key feature about Pneumonia caused by A. Pleuropneumonia?
Present in the dorsal, caudal portion of the lungs
42
Disease name for A. lignieresii in cattle?
Wooden tongue
43
What does A. lignieresii do to a cattles tongue?
Pyogranulomatous inflammation
44
Where do lesions tend to occur on the tongue of a cattle infected with A. lignieresii?
Esophageal groove -- and -- Retropharyngeal lymph nodes
45
What does A. Equuli cause in foals?
Sleepy foal disease
46
What are seen in newborns with Sleepy foal disease?
Febrile + Recumbent Lethargy Milk-stained forehead ==> neonatal speticemia
47
How long does it take A. Equuli to kill a foal?
1 to 2 days
48
What treatment needs to occur with A. Equuli?
Immediate - IV fluids + Oxygen + Antibiotics
49
What is seen grossly on a foal that has died of A. Equuli?
Petechiation | Pin-point suppurative foci on kidneys
50
What happens with recovery from acute disease?
``` Polyarthritis Nephritis Enteritis Pneumonia --- aka fucked for life ```
51
What does Actinobacillus Suis do in pigs?
More invasive than pleuronomoniea | Septicemia + Meningitis + Enteritis + Metritis + Abortion
52
What are the clinical signs of actinobacillus Suis?
Paddling of forelimbs Respiratory distress Prostration (splayed out on ground)
53
What does A. semenis infect?
Rams
54
What does A. semenis cause in Rams?
Epididymitis
55
How do rams present with A. Semenis?
Abcesses in epididymides | Fistulae on scrotal skin + Purulent dischage
56
Where is A. Semenis a commensal bacteria?
Prepuce
57
Who is most commonly infected with A. Semenis?
Virgin Rams (4-8 months_
58
Where in the world is A. Semenis most common?
New Zealand Austrilia South Africa
59
What is a special diagnostic feature of Wooden Tongue?
Club-like spicules, sulfur-like granules
60
What is the treatment for swine pleuropneumonia?
Prophylactic AB's = limit severity + spread
61
What is the treatment for wooden tongue?
``` Limit grazing on rough pasture Sodium iodide parenterally -- or -- Potassium iodide orally AB's = Penicillin + Streptomycin ```
62
What is the treatment for sleepy foal?
Blood transfusion + Additional colostrum
63
Term: PANSF
Pathogenic Anaerobic Non-Spore Forming
64
Where are PANSF's found?
GI + Genital tracts
65
What are PANSFs?
Fusobacterium + Prevotella + Dicelobacter + Porphyromonoas
66
Clinical Presentation: Prevotella
Interdigital dermatitis
67
Clinical Presentation: Dichelobacter
Footrot + Interdigital dermatitis
68
Clinical Presentation: Porphyromonas
Foul-in-the-foot
69
Clinical Presentation: Fusobacterium
Interdigital dermatitis + Heel abscess + Foul-in-the-foot + Footrot
70
Specific Strain: Dichelobacter
Nodosus
71
Specific Strain: Fusobacterium
Equinum + Necrophorum + Nucleatum + Russii
72
Specific Strain: Porphyromonas
Asaccharolytica + Levii
73
Specific Strain: Prevotella
Heparinolytica + Melaninogenica
74
In what kind of environment do PANSF's replicate?
Low or negative reduction potentials
75
What do PANSF's secrete to handle higher oxygen levels?
Superoxide dismutase
76
What are the two subspecies of Fusobacterium necrophorum?
Necrophorum + Funduliforme
77
What are the three major virulence factors of Fusobacterium necrophorum?
Leukotoxin + LPS + Hemagluttins
78
Term: Leukotoxin
Ruminant neutrophils are their highest affinity
79
Term: LPS
Intense neutrophilia + hepatic abscess
80
What is Fusobacterium necrophorum synergistic with?
Dichelobacter nodosus
81
What does FN do for DN?
Facilitates DN's invasion
82
What does DN do for FN?
Stimulates with growth factor
83
What is the clinical presentation of Fusobacterium necrophorum?
Necrotic pharyngitis OR laryngitis
84
How does F. Necrophorum get to invade the mucosa?
Coarse feed causes microabrasions
85
What happens if a F. Necrophorum infection is left untreated?
Necrotizing pneumonia
86
What symptoms are seen with F. Necrophorum infection?
Painful cough | Excessive salivation + respiratory distress + Foul breath
87
How is Fusobacterium necrophorum treated?
AB's: Potentiated sulphonamides or tetracycline | Pain: NSAID's
88
What are the disease that F. necrophorum cause?
``` Black pox of teats Thrush Necrotic rhinitis Bovine liver abscess Calf diptheria ```
89
When does F. Necrophorum cause bovine liver abscess?
Secondary to rumenitis
90
Why does F. Necrophorum take over when rumenitis occurs?
Diet high in carbs Rapid fermentation Increase lactic acid F. Necrophorum uses lactic acid to grow
91
What does F. Necrophorum do in pigs?
Bull nose
92
What are the signs of bull nose?
Foul smelling nasal discharge Sneezing Facial edema
93
What is the pathology of bull nose?
Suppuration + Necrosis of snout
94
When does F. Necrophorum cause thrush?
Secondary to hoof damage, commonly of hind feet
95
What is the clinical presentation of thrush?
Foul-smelling discharge in sulci close to frog
96
What is the treatment for thrush?
Dry, clean stabling Aim for frog regeneration Oxine soak
97
What can occur with black spot due to F. Necrophorum ?
Stenosis of the spinchter
98
What is a defining feature that sets PANSF from others?
FA production = Putrid odor

Bacteriology (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions