Lecture 22 - Tayorella, Brucella, and Coxiella Flashcards
Why are these three bacteria considered regulated?
Can be aerosolized
Low infectious dose
Taylorella: catalase
+
Taylorella: oxidase
+
Taylorella: phosphatase
+
Taylorella: Oxygen requirements
Microaerophilic
Taylorella: MacConkey
No growth
What is the important Tayolorella to vet medicine?
T. equigenitalis
What does T. equigenitalis cause?
Contagious equine metritis
What is CEM?
Inflammation of endometrium
What are the signs a horse has CEM?
Mucopurulent discharge from vulva/vagina
Why is there mucopurulent discharge with CEM?
Neutrophils migrate into utreus
What is needed to transport TE?
Amies charcoal transport media
What is T. Equigenitalis cultured on?
Selective media - Timoney’s CEM agar
What is important to legally know about T. Equigenitalis?
reportable disease `
What is the treatment for T. Equigenitalis?
External wash w/ chlorhexadine
Daily nitrofurazone ointment
5 to 7 days of interauterine antibiotic irrigation
What are the five important Brucella of vet importance?
Abortus Canis Suis Melitensis Ovis
B. Abortus: Species
Cattle
B. Canis: Species
Dog
B. Suis: Species
Swine
B. Melintensis: Species
Goats + Sheep
B. Ovis: Species
Sheep
Brucella: Motility
none
Brucella: Catalase
+
Brucella: Oxidase
+
Brucella: Urease
+
What is different about B. Ovis?
Oxidase + urease negative
Brucella: growth requirements
Fastidious
Brucella: oxygen requirements
Aerobic
Brucella: Morphology
Coccobacillus
What is the come method by which humans become infected with Brucella?
Cows milk that is unpasteurized
What is different about the transmission vector of Brucella in cattle?
Low infectious dose and high number of bacteria in aborted fetus causes it to spread fast
What does brucella have an affinity for?
Reproductive organs
How does Brucella prefer to travel through the body?
within macrophages
What is seen in dogs infected with B. Canis?
Abortions occasionally
Inferitilty in males
Where is B. Abortus most commonly seen in the US?
yellowstone
What animals most commonly show B. Abortus infections?
Elk + Bison
What is seen in Bovine with B. Abortus?
Abortion + Infertility
What is seen in pigs with B. Suis?
Abortion + Inferitility
Orchitis + Arthritis
What is the most dangerous Brucella?
B. melintensis
What animals are infected with B. Melintensis
Goats and Sheep
How do people get B. Melintensis?
Dairy products - fresh cheese
Where is B. Melintensis most common?
Mediterranean + Middle east
What is seen in goats and sheep with B. melintensis?
Abortion + Orchitis + Arthritis
What does B. Ovis cause in sheep?
Abortion
Where is B. Ovis most commonly found?
New Zealand + Australia
What are specific tests used to find Brucella?
Milk ring test
Rose-bengal plate
what is a major problem with brucella testing?
many false negatives with serological testing
What is the treatment for Brucella?
None
What is the Coxiella that has the most zoologic impact?
C. burnetii
What does C. Burnetti cause in humans?
Q fever
Why is C. Burnetti so terrifying?
Lowest infectious dose of all just need one bacteria
What are the symptoms of Q fever?
High fever - Severe flu
Where does C. Burnetti tend to localize?
Genital tracts + Mammary glands
What does C. Burnetti use to infect the host cells?
T4SS
Where does C. Burnetti like to reside cellularly
Phagolysosome
What does Coxiella do to goats?
Caprine abortion
Gray-brown exudate covering placenta
Intercotyledonary areas
Necrotizing vascultis in placenta
What does Coxiella cause sporadic abortions in?
Sheep + Cattle + Cats
What is a specific stain used to ID Coxiella?
MZN method