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Bacteriology > Lecture 16 - Salmonella > Flashcards

Lecture 16 - Salmonella Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three major animal pathogens in the enterobacteriacea family?

A

Salmonella + E. Coli + Yersinia

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2
Q

What are the opportunistic animal pathogens in the enterobacteriacea family?

A

Proteus + Klebsiella + Enterobacter

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3
Q

What is the gram stain of the strains within Enterobacteriacea?

A

Negative

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4
Q

Is Enterobacteriacea catalase positive or negative?

A

Positive

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5
Q

Is Enterobacteriacea oxidase positive or negative?

A

Negative

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6
Q

What is the oxygen requirements of bacteria within the Enterobacteriacea family?

A

Facultative anaerobes

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7
Q

Which of the Enterobacteriacea ferment lactose?

A

E. coli + enterobacter + klebseilla

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8
Q

What are the types of IMViC tests?

A

indole + methyl red + voges-proskauer + citrate

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9
Q

What does the methyl red test show?

A

pH

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10
Q

What does the voges-proskauer show?

A

Fermentation

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11
Q

Which of the Enterobacteriacea are hemolytic (some at least)?

A

E. Coli

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12
Q

Which of the Enterobacteriacea have a swarming growth pattern on agar?

A

Proteus

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13
Q

Which of the Enterobacteriacea are NOT motile?

A

Klebsiella

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14
Q

Which of the Enterobacteriacea do all of them show + in the imdole test?

A

E. Coli

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15
Q

Which of the Enterobacteriacea have negative methyl red tests?

A

Enterobacter + Klebsiella

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16
Q

Which of the Enterobacteriacea show positive voges-proskauers in all strains?

A

Enterobacter + Klebsiella

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17
Q

Which of the Enterobacteriacea produce H2S?

A

Salmonella + Proteus

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18
Q

What are the two species of salmonella?

A

Enterica + Bongori

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19
Q

Where is Salmonella Bongori found?

A

Lizards

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20
Q

What are the three sub-types of Salmonella enterica that are important in vet medicine?

A

Typhimurium + Typhi + Enteriditis

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21
Q

What is the pattern of Salmonella in regards being a food borne pathogen?

A

Only zoonotic caused outbreak since 2007

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22
Q

What are most salmonella outbreaks linked to?

A

Poultry

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23
Q

How long can Salmonella live in the environment, if under the right conditions?

A

more then two years

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24
Q

Where does a lot of the food borne Salmonella come from, other then poultry?

A

Composted manure

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25
Q

Where does Salmonella tend to infect the most?

A

Intestines

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26
Q

What allows Salmonella to be eatten but still survive?

A

Acid tolerance response

acid shock proteins along with protecting in food and lipids

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27
Q

What cell type can kill Salmonella?

A

Neutrophils

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28
Q

What cell type can Salmonella grow in?

A

Macrophages

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29
Q

What does Salmonella do to attach to host cells?

A

Fimbrial attachement

via T3SS causes the host cell to remodel actin and take in the bacteria (cellular ruffling)

30
Q

What does the salmonella do to the balance within the cell?

A

Disruption of ion balance

Inflammation + Fluid/ion balance disruption = diarrhea

31
Q

What causes healthy adults to get salmonellosis?

A

STRESS

32
Q

With dogs, horses, and cats what is important to note about salmonella even if it does not make them sick?

A

They can be asymptomatic carriers

33
Q

What occurs with dogs and cats when they get Salmonellosis?

A

Acute diarrhea

+/- septicemia

34
Q

When horses get Salmonellosis what is commonly seen?

A

Acute enteritis

+/- septicemia

35
Q

What S. enterica types cause problems in horses?

A

Typhimurium
Enteriditis
Anatum
Newport

36
Q

When is Salmonellosis seen in horses?

A

Post-surgery or Transport

Newborns

37
Q

What are the three Salmonella types that affect cattle?

A

Dublin
Enteriditis
Typhimurium

38
Q

What are the salmonella species that cause enterocolitis in cattle?

A

Enteriditis + Typhimurium

39
Q

What does S. Dublin do in cattle, that is different then most presentations ?

A

Dry gangrene + Bone lesions in calves
Along with - osteomyelitis w/ spinal compression
Drop in milk production

40
Q

What other symptoms do you see in cattle with S. Dublin?

A

Diarrhea + Fever + Depression + Abortion + Dehydration

41
Q

What are the salmonella strains that affect poultry?

A

Pullorum
Gallinarum
Enteriditis
Arizonae

42
Q

What are the three major diseases that Salmonella cause in poultry?

A

Fowl typhoid
Pullorum disease
Arizonsis

43
Q

What Salmonella species causes Fowl typhoid?

A

S. Gallinarum

44
Q

What does S. Pullorum do in poultry?

A

Infects ovaries then transmitted to the eggs

45
Q

What does Pullorum disease look like?

A

Bacillary white diarrhea

Huddle in heat + anorexic + poor feathering + high mortality

46
Q

When does Pullorum disease begin to show up in poultry?

A
47
Q

What does S. Gallinarum do in poultry?

A

Infects ovaries then transmitted to the eggs

Causes fowl thyphoid

48
Q

How does fowl thyphoid present in poultry?

A

Septiceamia in adults with sudden death

~ Pollurum in youngs birds

49
Q

What does S. enteriditis do in poultry?

A

Infect ovaries and is transmitted to the eggs

50
Q

What bird does S. Arizonae infect most?

A

Turkeys

51
Q

What symptoms are seen with Arizonsis?

A

Death in young birds

Anorexia + Diarrhea + Paralysis + Blindness + Reduced egg production

52
Q

What is the common resevoir for S. Arizonsis?

A

Snakes

53
Q

What are the types of Salmonella that affect swine?

A

Choleraesuis
Enteriditis
Typhimurium

54
Q

What are the Salmonella species that cause enteritis in swine?

A

Enteriditis + Typhmurium

55
Q

What does S. Choleraesuis cause in swine?

A

Enterocolitis + Septicemia

Cyanosis is seen as well = systemic

56
Q

What are the salmonella species that affect sheep?

A

Brandenburg
Dublin
Enteriditis
Typhimurium

57
Q

What are the types of Salmonella that cause enteritis in sheep?

A

Enteriditis + Typhmurium

58
Q

What does S. Dublin cause in sheep?

A

Enterocolitis + Septicemia

59
Q

What does S. Brandenburg do in sheep?

A

Abortions

60
Q

What kind of reporting is involved in Salmonella?

A

Foodborne Outbreak report tracing

61
Q

What are the characteristics present within the Salmonella genera?

A 
Motile 
Methyl red 
Citrate 
H2S producer 
Lysine Decarboxylase
62
Q

What does Salmonella look like on an XLD plate?

A

Colonies with black within the center

63
Q

What does a TSI test from Salmonella look like?

A

red slant
yellow butt
sulfide +

64
Q

What does Salmonella look like on a MacConkey agar?

A

Growth, but no lactose fermentation

65
Q

What can MacConkey help you differentiate Salmonella from?

A

E. Coli

66
Q

How are companion animals with Salmonellosis treated?

A

FLUDS

Glucocorticoids to prevent shock

67
Q

How are cattle and swine treated for Salmonellosis?

A

FLUIDS

Severe cases Antibiotics

68
Q

How are poultry treated for Salmonellosis?

A

Antibiotics

69
Q

What animals have a Salmonella vaccine?

A

Poultry + Cattle + Swine

70
Q

What kind of vaccine type is the Cattle salmonella vaccine?

A

Bacterial extract + live inactivated

71
Q

What kind of vaccine type is the Poultry salmonella vaccine?

A

Live inactivated + Modified live + Combos

72
Q

What kind of vaccine type is the Swine salmonella vaccine?

A

Line inactivated

Bacteriology (28 decks)

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