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Bacteriology > Lecture 17 - Escherichia Coli > Flashcards

Lecture 17 - Escherichia Coli Flashcards

1
Q

Enterobacteriacea: gram

A

negative

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2
Q

Enterobacteriacea: morphology

A

rods

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3
Q

Enterobacteriacea: catalase

A

positive

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4
Q

Enterobacteriacea: oxidase

A

negative

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5
Q

E. Coli: fermentation

A

Lactose

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6
Q

E. Coli: hemolysis

A

Beta

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7
Q

What is E. coli commonly responsible for? (very basic answer, think location)

A

Extraintestinal disease

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8
Q

What is important to know about E. coli that causes enterocolitis?

A

NOT normal flora

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9
Q

What are the four serotypes in e. coli?

A

O - H - K - F

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10
Q

E. Coli: O antigen

A

Somatic - LPS

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11
Q

E. Coli: H antigen

A

Flagellar - Protein

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12
Q

E. Coli: K antigen

A

Capsular - polysacchrides

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13
Q

E. Coli: F antigen

A

Fimbrial - Protein

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14
Q

What is the major E. coli responsible for zoonosis?

A

E. Coli O157:H7

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15
Q

What does E. coli O157: H7 cause?

A

Hemorrhagic colitis

Hemolytic uraemic syndrome

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16
Q

What is the usual source of E. coli outbreaks?

A

Manure + Fecal material of infected cows

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17
Q

What are the two groups of E. coli’s?

A

Enteric + Extraintestinal

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18
Q

What are the enteric strains of E. coli?

A

ETEC
AEEC
EAggEC

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19
Q

What does ETEC stand for?

A

Enterotoxigenic

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20
Q

What does AEEC stand for?

A

Attaching and Effacing

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21
Q

What does EAggEC stand for?

A

Enteroaggregative

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22
Q

What are the types of AEEC?

A

EPEC + STEC

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23
Q

What does EPEC stand for? What are the subtypes?

A

Enteropathogenic - Atypical and Typical

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24
Q

What does STEC stand for? What are the subtypes?

A

Shiga-toxin producing - EHEC EnteroHEMOrrhagic

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25
Q

What are the extraintestinal strains of E. Coli?

A

APEC
SEPEC
UPEC

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26
Q

What does APEC stand for?

A

Avian Pathogenic

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27
Q

What does SEPEC stand for?

A

Septicemic pathogenic

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28
Q

What does UPEC stand for?

A

Uropathogenic

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29
Q

What are the four categories of virulence factors?

A

Capsular polysaccharides
Endotoxins
Fimbrial attachments
Secreted toxins

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30
Q

What types of toxins are secreted from E. coli?

A

Enterotoxin
Shigatoxin
Cytotoxic necrotizing factors

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31
Q

What is another name for shigatoxin?

A

Verotoxin

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32
Q

What is the function of the fimbrial attachments?

A

Attachment to mucosal + epithelium surfaces

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33
Q

What is another type of adhesion besides fimbrial?

A

Intimin + EAF + CS31A

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34
Q

What does the attachment of the bacteria cause in the host?

A

Actin pedestals form the actin rearrangement

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35
Q

What is LPS (endotoxin) made up of?

A

Lipid A - Polysaccharide + Side chains

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36
Q

What does LPS cause in the body?

A

Pyrogenic activity
Vascular coagulation
Shock

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37
Q

What does the capsule do in aidding in infection of E. Coli?

A

Makes the bacteria slippery

Complement + Phagocytes can’t bind

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38
Q

What E. Coli uses Cs31A adhesion?

A

SEPEC - sepecemtic pathogen

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39
Q

Where is the surface antigen for CS31A found?

A

Calves

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40
Q

What E. Coli uses EAF?

A

EPEC - Enteropathogenic

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41
Q

What E. Coli uses Fimbrial adhesions?

A

EAggEC - AA fimbriae

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42
Q

What E. coli uses Intimin?

A

AEEC - Attaching and effacing

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43
Q

How does intimin work?

A

Attaches to host cell and via T3SS will inject Tir proteins
Host cell will present Tir receptors
E. Coli attaches –> actin pedestal forms

44
Q

What does the actin pedestal allow for?

A

Very strong adhesion by E. Coli

Prevents washing off

45
Q

What does the actin pedestal cause pathogenically in the animal?

A

Premature enterocyte exfoliation - diarrhea

46
Q

What genetic feature do AEEC have?

A

Pathogenicity islands LEE

47
Q

What are pathogencitiy island LEE required for?

A

needed for bacteria to be virulent

48
Q

What does LEE stand for?

A

Locus of enterocyte effacement

49
Q

What does LEE encode for?

A

Intimin + TiR + T3SS

50
Q

What are the two categories of enterotoxins, besides cytotoxic necrotizing factors?

A

Heat-labile (LT) + Heat-stable (ST)

51
Q

What types of E. coli enterotoxins are Heat-labile?

A

Shigatoxin + LT1 + LT2

52
Q

What types of E. Coli enterotoxins are Heat-stable?

A

STa + STb + EAST1

53
Q

What are the two E. Coli strains that have LT toxins?

A

STEC - Shiga toxin producing

ETEC - Enterotoxigenic

54
Q

What animals are affected by the LT toxins?

A

Pigs + Cattle

55
Q

What LT toxin affects cattle? What E. coli strain?

A

LT2 - ETEC (enterotoxigenic)

56
Q

What are the two toxins that affect pigs? What E. Coli strains?

A

STEC - Shiga-toxin

ETEC - LT1

57
Q

What does LT1 bind to in pigs?

A

K88 receptor

58
Q

What does LT1 binding induce?

A

Hypersecretion of fluids

59
Q

What does Shigatoxin cause in pigs?

A

Enterocytotoxic + Neurotoxic

Hemorrhage + Edema + Thrombosis

60
Q

What does shigatoxin do biochemically?

A

Binds to and inactivates ribosomes

Stop protein synthesis –> cellular death

61
Q

What point in a pigs life cycle are K88 receptors expressed the most?

A

Young

62
Q

What E. coli strain contains STa?

A

ETEC - enterotoxigenic

63
Q

What animals does the STa toxin infect?

A

Cattle + Pigs + Sheep

64
Q

What does STa toxin cause?

A

Hypersecretion + Malabsorption of fluid

65
Q

What does the STb toxin cause?

A

Hypersecretion + Malabsorption

66
Q

What does EAST1 stand for?

A

Enteroaggregative heat stable toxin

67
Q

What E. coli contains EAST1 toxin?

A

ETEC - enterotoxigenic
EPEC - Enteropathogenic
EHEC - Enterohemorrhagic
EAggEC - Enteroaggregative

68
Q

What is important to note about EAST1 toxin?

A

ENHANCES hypersecretion + malabsorption

Does not produce problems on its own

69
Q

What two animals most commonly experience enteric colibacillosis?

A

Pigs + Calves

70
Q

When do pigs come down with enteric colibacillosis? What are the symptoms?

A

Within 24 hours of birth

Watery diarrhea + Dehydration + Weakness + Death

71
Q

What is seen in calves with enteric colibacillosis?

A

Dehydration + Death + Diarrhea

72
Q

What is a big sign that your calf has enteric colibacillosis?

A

Diarrhea is watery + pasty + white/yelllow + Rancid

73
Q

What two E. coli are responsible for enteric colibacillosis?

A

AEEC + ETEC

74
Q

What does AEEC cause in enteric colibacillosis?

A

Necrosis of enterocytes + loss of microvilli

75
Q

What does ETEC bind to in enteric colibacillosis?

A

K88 + K99 fimbrial adhesins

76
Q

What two toxins does ETEC secrete that cause enteric colibacilosis?

A

LT1 + STa

77
Q

What is another term for diarrhea in pigs and cattle?

A

Scour

78
Q

What animals do you see Colisepticemia?

A

Lambs + Calves + Poultry

79
Q

What disease is seen in lambs with colisepticemia?

A

Watery mouth

80
Q

What are the symptoms of Water mouth in lambs?

A

Profuse salivation + Distended abdomen
Endotoxic shock
High mortality

81
Q

What does the severity of colisepticemia in calves correspond with?

A

Degree of hypo-Ig

82
Q

What do you see in calves that have recovered from colisepticemia?

A

Post-septicemic localization to joints

83
Q

What is seen in poultry with colisepticemia?

A

Airsacculitis
Pericarditis
Coligranuloma

84
Q

What disease does Coligranuloma cause in poultry with colisepticemia?

A

Hjarre’s disease

Chronic inflammation

85
Q

What animal do you see edema disease in?

A

Pigs

86
Q

What causes the onset of edema disease?

A

Shigatoxin in the blood stream leading to perivascular edema

87
Q

What is a sign that a pig is suffering from edema disease?

A

Eyelid swelling

Hoarse squeal due to swelling of the larynx

88
Q

When does edema disease in pigs tend to occur?

A

1 to 2 weeks post weaning

89
Q

What happens within 36 hours of edema disease onset?

A

Paralysis - peracute death

90
Q

What happens commonly when a pig survives edema disease?

A

CNS defects

91
Q

What is seen in cattle that are affected with e. coli (females)?

A

Coliform mastitis

92
Q

What do the milk secretions look like in cattle with e.coli infections?

A

Watery with white flakes

93
Q

How long does coliform mastitis become fatal in cattle?

A

24 to 48 hours

94
Q

What does a cattle with coliform mastitis look like physically?

A

Depressed

Drooping ears + sunken eyes

95
Q

What kind of urogenital infections does E. Coli cause?

A

UTI + Cystitis
Pyometra
Prostatitis

96
Q

What animals experiences post-weaning diarrhea from E. coli?

A

Pigs

97
Q

What e. coli strains are responsible for PWD?

A

ETEC - enterotoxigenic

EPEC - enteropathogenic

98
Q

What is big sign that a pig is suffering from PWD?

A

Diarrhea with purple discolored patches of skin

99
Q

How do you know that the pig is suffering from PWD rather then Salmonella?

A

Purple patches all over rather then just ears

100
Q

What specific assay is for E. Coli?

A

Vero cell assay

101
Q

What specific characteristics does e. coli have?

A 
Motile 
Lactose fermentation 
Imdole 
Methyl-red 
Lysine decarboxylase
102
Q

What does E. Coli look like when it grows on MacConkey?

A

Red agar/colonies

Lactose fermentor

103
Q

What are the TSI results for E. Coli?

A

All yellow
No H2S production
GAS!

104
Q

What is an important way to prevent E. Coli infections in cattle?

A

COLOSTRUM!

105
Q

What animals have access to E. Coli vaccines?

A

Cattle + Pigs + Poultry

Bacteriology (28 decks)

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