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Bacteriology > Lecture 20 - Pasteurella, Mannheimia, Histophilus, and Haemophilus > Flashcards

Lecture 20 - Pasteurella, Mannheimia, Histophilus, and Haemophilus Flashcards

1
Q

Pasteurellaceae: Gram

A

Negative

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2
Q

Pasteurellaceae: morphology

A

Safety pin

Bacilli/ Coccobacilli

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3
Q

Pasteurellaceae: Motility

A

Nonmotile

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4
Q

Pasteurellaceae: Oxidase

A

positive

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5
Q

Pasteurellaceae: Oxygen requirements

A

Facultative anerobes

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6
Q

Pasteurellaceae: Catlase

A

Most postive

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7
Q

Pasteurellaceae: MacConkey

A

Doesn’t grow well

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8
Q

Pasteurellaceae: Stain

A

Giemsa

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9
Q

Major Pastuerella species? Infects?

A

P. Multocida - nonspecific

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10
Q

Major Bibersteinia species? Infects?

A

B. terhalosi - sheep

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11
Q

Major Mannhemia species? Infects?

A

M. haemolyticum - Ruminants

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12
Q

What are the two major pathogens responsible for bovine respiratory disease?

A

Mannheimia hemolytic + Pasteurella multocida

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13
Q

What serotype for MH is responsible for BRD?

A

MH-A1

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14
Q

What is the difference between infections by MH and PM in regards to BRD?

A 
MH = pathogen 
PM = opportunistic
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15
Q

What two diseases are seen with MH and PM infections in calves?

A

Shipping fever

Enzootic Pneumonia

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16
Q

What does shipping fever cause?

A

Bronchopneumonia + Pleurisy

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17
Q

What is the cause of shipping fever? (not bacterially)

A

Severe stress

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18
Q

What are the Virulence factors for mannhemia haemolyticum?

A

Adhesins
Capsules
Endotoxin
Leukotoxin

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19
Q

What does the leukotoxin in MH do?

A

Potent effect on bovine neutrophils - pore forming cytolysin

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20
Q

What are the symptoms of shipping fever?

A

Sudden onset of fever

depression + anorexia + tachypnea + serous nasal dischage

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21
Q

What do you see in BRD with mixed infections?

A

Marked cough + Ocular discharge

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22
Q

How can you diagnose a cow with BRD?

A

Cytospin of bronchial lavage

Contains large number of neutrophils

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23
Q

What are the AB’s used for BRD?

A

Oxytetracycline
Sulfonamide
Ampicillin

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24
Q

What is the vaccine protocol to prevent BRD?

A

give one 3 weeks before transport

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25
Q

What is the MH vaccine composed of?

A

Modified leukotoxin + surface antigens

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26
Q

What are the two bacteria that commonly cause Pasteurellosis in sheep?

A

MH + PM

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27
Q

What is the most common cause of pastrurelosis in sheep?

A

MH

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28
Q

Why is MH the most common cause of pasteurellosis in sheep?

A

Commensal bacteria in URT

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29
Q

What are the predisposing factors commonly found in sheep that come down with pasteurellosis?

A

Adverse climate conditions

Concurrent infection with virus (parainfluenza 3)

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30
Q

What is seen post-morteum in sheep with pasteurellosis?

A

Ventral consolidation in the lungs

Cranial lobes have fibrous pleural + pericardial effusions

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31
Q

What is the treatment for pasteurellosis in sheep?

A

Long acting oxytetracycline

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32
Q

What is the cause of septicemic pasteurellosis in sheep less then 3 months old?

A

MH

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33
Q

What is the cause of septicemic pasteurellosis in sheep between the ages of 5 and 12 months?

A

Bibersteinia trehalosi

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34
Q

Where is bibersteinia trehalosi commonly found?

A

Tonsillar tissue in sheep

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35
Q

What tends to cause atrophic rhinitis in pigs?

A

PM types B and A

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36
Q

What can predispose a pig to atrophic rhinitis?

A

Bordetella bronchispetica infection
Overstocking
Young pigs

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37
Q

What are the signs of atrophic rhinitis in pigs?

A

Excessive lacrimation
Sneezing +/- epistaxis
Snout shortened + wrinkled

38
Q

Where is a postmortem transverse snout section taken for a pig with possible atrophic rhinitis?

A

First and second premolars

39
Q

What AB’s are used to treat pigs with atrophic rhinitis?

A

Sulfonamides
Oxytetracycline
Tylosin
Trimethoprim

40
Q

What vaccines are available to prevent atrophic rhinitis?

A

Combined BB bacterin

PM toxoid

41
Q

What commonly causes Fowl cholera?

A

PM capsular type A + F

42
Q

What does Fowl cholera present as?

A

Acute septicemia

43
Q

What type of bird is most commonly affect with fowl cholera?

A

Turkeys

44
Q

What post-mortem lesions are seen in birds with fowl cholera?

A

Hemorrhages on serosal surfaces

Accumulation of fluid in body cavities

45
Q

What is a physical characteristic of birds with fowl cholera?

A

Wattles, sternal bursa, and joints swollen with accumulation of fibropurulent exudates

46
Q

Where are places that you can get microbes for testing in acute cases of fowl cholera?

A

Bone marrow, spleen, liver

47
Q

What is the cause of snuffles in rabbits?

A

PM

48
Q

Why is PM the common cause of snuffles in rabbits?

A

Commensal URt

49
Q

What causes PM to become pathologic in rabbits?

A

Chilling + other stress

50
Q

What are the symptoms of snuffles?

A

Purulen nasal discharge in rabbits

Sneezing + coughing + Conjuncitivitis + otitis MEDIA

51
Q

What can occur in young rabbits with Snuffles?

A

Bronchopneumonia

52
Q

What AB can be used for Snuffles treatment?

A

Enrofloxacin

53
Q

What type of vaccine is available for snuffles?

A

None

54
Q

What does Histophilus somni commonly cause?

A

Meningoencephalitis in cattle and sheep

55
Q

What does Haemophilius parasuis commonly cause?

A

Glasser’s disease in pigs

56
Q

What does avibacterium paragallinarium commonly cause?

A

Coryza in chickens

57
Q

What is special about growing HS, HP, and AP?

A

Fastidious

Need factor X and V to grow

58
Q

What are the air requirements for HS, HP, and AP?

A

Facultative anaerobes

Capnophiles

59
Q

What two major pathologies does histophilus somni cause?

A

Septicemia

Thrombomeningoencephalitis

60
Q

How does HS commonly infect cattle?

A

Commensal bacteria in male and female genital tracts

and URT

61
Q

How long is HS able to live in the environment?

A

70 days - nasal discharge or blood

5 days - vaginal discharge

62
Q

How does transmission of histrophilus somni?

A

Direct contact

Aerosol

63
Q

Why is the clinical signs of a HS infection unpredictable in cattle?

A

Septicemia allows it to infect several organs

64
Q

What is a sequela that is seen in cattle that survive a HS infection?

A

Arthritis

65
Q

Why do you see sudden death in cattle that have an HS infection?

A

Myocarditis

66
Q

What can cause enzoonotic calf pneumonia complex?

A

M. haemolyticum
P. Multocida
H. Somni

67
Q

What AB is most commonly used in treatment of HS in cattle?

A

Oxytetracycline

68
Q

What other AB’s, besides Oxytetracycline can be used in HS treatment?

A

Penicillin + Erythromycin + Sulfomides

69
Q

What types of vaccines are available for H. Somni in cattle?

A

Bacterins

70
Q

What does Histophilus somni cause in young rams?

A

Epididymitis

71
Q

What does Histophilus somni cause in ewes?

A

Vulvitis + Mastitis + Reduced fertility

72
Q

What does Histophilus somni cause in lambs?

A

Septicemia + Arthritis + Meningitis + Pneumonia

73
Q

What causes Glasser’s disease? What animal is infected?

A

Haemophilus Parasuis - Pigs

74
Q

What three pathologies occur with Glasser’s disease?

A

Polyserotitis + Leptomeningtis

+/- Polyarthritis

75
Q

At what point in a pig’s life are they most susceptible to Glasser’s disease?

A

Weaning - 12 weeks

76
Q

Where is HP commonly found in a pig?

A

URT

77
Q

What is the incubation period for glasser’s disease?

A

1 to 5 days

78
Q

When do signs of glasser’s diseases show up after a stressful event?

A

2 to 7 days

79
Q

What are the symptoms seen with a pig coming down with Glasser’s disease?

A

Anorexia + Pyrexia + Lameness + recumbency + Convulsions

Possible cyanosis + thickening of pinna

80
Q

What does HP infection in pigs have a similar presentation as?

A

Stretococcus suis

Mycoplasm hyorhinis

81
Q

What is seen post-morteum in a pig that confirms a HP infection?

A

Fibrinous polyserositis
Polyarthritis
Meningitis

82
Q

What are the AB’s that can used for Glasser’s disease?

A

Tetracyclines
Penicillins
Sulfonamides

83
Q

What is the major cause of infectious coryza in poultry?

A

Avibacterium paragllinarium

84
Q

What symptoms appear with coryza?

A

Common cold

Inflammation and discharge of mucous

85
Q

What does AP affect in chicken?

A

URT + Paranasal sinuses

86
Q

Why is AP infections economically important to know about?

A

Condition of broilers

Reduced egg production

87
Q

What are the susceptibility traits of Chickens to AP?

A

4 weeks after hatching and increases with age

88
Q

What is a very common sign of AP infection in chickens?

A

Facial swelling

89
Q

What is seen postmortem in chickens with AP?

A

Copious amounts of tenacious exudate infraoribital sinus

tracheitis + bronchitis + air sacculitis

90
Q

What anitbiotics can be used in Infectious coryza?

A

Oxytetracycline + Sulfonamides

Bacteriology (28 decks)

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