Lecture 20 - Pasteurella, Mannheimia, Histophilus, and Haemophilus Flashcards
1
Q
Pasteurellaceae: Gram
A
Negative
2
Q
Pasteurellaceae: morphology
A
Safety pin
Bacilli/ Coccobacilli
3
Q
Pasteurellaceae: Motility
A
Nonmotile
4
Q
Pasteurellaceae: Oxidase
A
positive
5
Q
Pasteurellaceae: Oxygen requirements
A
Facultative anerobes
6
Q
Pasteurellaceae: Catlase
A
Most postive
7
Q
Pasteurellaceae: MacConkey
A
Doesn’t grow well
8
Q
Pasteurellaceae: Stain
A
Giemsa
9
Q
Major Pastuerella species? Infects?
A
P. Multocida - nonspecific
10
Q
Major Bibersteinia species? Infects?
A
B. terhalosi - sheep
11
Q
Major Mannhemia species? Infects?
A
M. haemolyticum - Ruminants
12
Q
What are the two major pathogens responsible for bovine respiratory disease?
A
Mannheimia hemolytic + Pasteurella multocida
13
Q
What serotype for MH is responsible for BRD?
A
MH-A1
14
Q
What is the difference between infections by MH and PM in regards to BRD?
A
MH = pathogen PM = opportunistic
15
Q
What two diseases are seen with MH and PM infections in calves?
A
Shipping fever
Enzootic Pneumonia
16
Q
What does shipping fever cause?
A
Bronchopneumonia + Pleurisy
17
Q
What is the cause of shipping fever? (not bacterially)
A
Severe stress
18
Q
What are the Virulence factors for mannhemia haemolyticum?
A
Adhesins
Capsules
Endotoxin
Leukotoxin
19
Q
What does the leukotoxin in MH do?
A
Potent effect on bovine neutrophils - pore forming cytolysin
20
Q
What are the symptoms of shipping fever?
A
Sudden onset of fever
depression + anorexia + tachypnea + serous nasal dischage
21
Q
What do you see in BRD with mixed infections?
A
Marked cough + Ocular discharge
22
Q
How can you diagnose a cow with BRD?
A
Cytospin of bronchial lavage
Contains large number of neutrophils
23
Q
What are the AB’s used for BRD?
A
Oxytetracycline
Sulfonamide
Ampicillin
24
Q
What is the vaccine protocol to prevent BRD?
A
give one 3 weeks before transport
25
What is the MH vaccine composed of?
Modified leukotoxin + surface antigens
26
What are the two bacteria that commonly cause Pasteurellosis in sheep?
MH + PM
27
What is the most common cause of pastrurelosis in sheep?
MH
28
Why is MH the most common cause of pasteurellosis in sheep?
Commensal bacteria in URT
29
What are the predisposing factors commonly found in sheep that come down with pasteurellosis?
Adverse climate conditions
| Concurrent infection with virus (parainfluenza 3)
30
What is seen post-morteum in sheep with pasteurellosis?
Ventral consolidation in the lungs
| Cranial lobes have fibrous pleural + pericardial effusions
31
What is the treatment for pasteurellosis in sheep?
Long acting oxytetracycline
32
What is the cause of septicemic pasteurellosis in sheep less then 3 months old?
MH
33
What is the cause of septicemic pasteurellosis in sheep between the ages of 5 and 12 months?
Bibersteinia trehalosi
34
Where is bibersteinia trehalosi commonly found?
Tonsillar tissue in sheep
35
What tends to cause atrophic rhinitis in pigs?
PM types B and A
36
What can predispose a pig to atrophic rhinitis?
Bordetella bronchispetica infection
Overstocking
Young pigs
37
What are the signs of atrophic rhinitis in pigs?
Excessive lacrimation
Sneezing +/- epistaxis
Snout shortened + wrinkled
38
Where is a postmortem transverse snout section taken for a pig with possible atrophic rhinitis?
First and second premolars
39
What AB's are used to treat pigs with atrophic rhinitis?
Sulfonamides
Oxytetracycline
Tylosin
Trimethoprim
40
What vaccines are available to prevent atrophic rhinitis?
Combined BB bacterin
| PM toxoid
41
What commonly causes Fowl cholera?
PM capsular type A + F
42
What does Fowl cholera present as?
Acute septicemia
43
What type of bird is most commonly affect with fowl cholera?
Turkeys
44
What post-mortem lesions are seen in birds with fowl cholera?
Hemorrhages on serosal surfaces
| Accumulation of fluid in body cavities
45
What is a physical characteristic of birds with fowl cholera?
Wattles, sternal bursa, and joints swollen with accumulation of fibropurulent exudates
46
Where are places that you can get microbes for testing in acute cases of fowl cholera?
Bone marrow, spleen, liver
47
What is the cause of snuffles in rabbits?
PM
48
Why is PM the common cause of snuffles in rabbits?
Commensal URt
49
What causes PM to become pathologic in rabbits?
Chilling + other stress
50
What are the symptoms of snuffles?
Purulen nasal discharge in rabbits
| Sneezing + coughing + Conjuncitivitis + otitis MEDIA
51
What can occur in young rabbits with Snuffles?
Bronchopneumonia
52
What AB can be used for Snuffles treatment?
Enrofloxacin
53
What type of vaccine is available for snuffles?
None
54
What does Histophilus somni commonly cause?
Meningoencephalitis in cattle and sheep
55
What does Haemophilius parasuis commonly cause?
Glasser's disease in pigs
56
What does avibacterium paragallinarium commonly cause?
Coryza in chickens
57
What is special about growing HS, HP, and AP?
Fastidious
| Need factor X and V to grow
58
What are the air requirements for HS, HP, and AP?
Facultative anaerobes
| Capnophiles
59
What two major pathologies does histophilus somni cause?
Septicemia
| Thrombomeningoencephalitis
60
How does HS commonly infect cattle?
Commensal bacteria in male and female genital tracts
| and URT
61
How long is HS able to live in the environment?
70 days - nasal discharge or blood
| 5 days - vaginal discharge
62
How does transmission of histrophilus somni?
Direct contact
| Aerosol
63
Why is the clinical signs of a HS infection unpredictable in cattle?
Septicemia allows it to infect several organs
64
What is a sequela that is seen in cattle that survive a HS infection?
Arthritis
65
Why do you see sudden death in cattle that have an HS infection?
Myocarditis
66
What can cause enzoonotic calf pneumonia complex?
M. haemolyticum
P. Multocida
H. Somni
67
What AB is most commonly used in treatment of HS in cattle?
Oxytetracycline
68
What other AB's, besides Oxytetracycline can be used in HS treatment?
Penicillin + Erythromycin + Sulfomides
69
What types of vaccines are available for H. Somni in cattle?
Bacterins
70
What does Histophilus somni cause in young rams?
Epididymitis
71
What does Histophilus somni cause in ewes?
Vulvitis + Mastitis + Reduced fertility
72
What does Histophilus somni cause in lambs?
Septicemia + Arthritis + Meningitis + Pneumonia
73
What causes Glasser's disease? What animal is infected?
Haemophilus Parasuis - Pigs
74
What three pathologies occur with Glasser's disease?
Polyserotitis + Leptomeningtis
| +/- Polyarthritis
75
At what point in a pig's life are they most susceptible to Glasser's disease?
Weaning - 12 weeks
76
Where is HP commonly found in a pig?
URT
77
What is the incubation period for glasser's disease?
1 to 5 days
78
When do signs of glasser's diseases show up after a stressful event?
2 to 7 days
79
What are the symptoms seen with a pig coming down with Glasser's disease?
Anorexia + Pyrexia + Lameness + recumbency + Convulsions
| Possible cyanosis + thickening of pinna
80
What does HP infection in pigs have a similar presentation as?
Stretococcus suis
| Mycoplasm hyorhinis
81
What is seen post-morteum in a pig that confirms a HP infection?
Fibrinous polyserositis
Polyarthritis
Meningitis
82
What are the AB's that can used for Glasser's disease?
Tetracyclines
Penicillins
Sulfonamides
83
What is the major cause of infectious coryza in poultry?
Avibacterium paragllinarium
84
What symptoms appear with coryza?
Common cold
| Inflammation and discharge of mucous
85
What does AP affect in chicken?
URT + Paranasal sinuses
86
Why is AP infections economically important to know about?
Condition of broilers
| Reduced egg production
87
What are the susceptibility traits of Chickens to AP?
4 weeks after hatching and increases with age
88
What is a very common sign of AP infection in chickens?
Facial swelling
89
What is seen postmortem in chickens with AP?
Copious amounts of tenacious exudate infraoribital sinus
| tracheitis + bronchitis + air sacculitis
90
What anitbiotics can be used in Infectious coryza?
Oxytetracycline + Sulfonamides
