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Psychology > Lec. 6 (consciousness + sleep) > Flashcards

Lec. 6 (consciousness + sleep) Flashcards

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1
Q

awareness of the outside world and of one’s mental processes, thoughts, feelings, and perceptions

A

consciousness

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2
Q

in addition to conscious thoughts, there is much ________ information we aren’t aware of but we ARE prcessing

A

unconscious

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3
Q

a bug lands on your arm, and there is a ______ on an EEG, meaning your brain registered it

A

spike

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4
Q

______ seconds after the bug lands on your arm, your hand MOVES

A

0.25 seconds

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5
Q

_______ seconds after the bug lands on your arm, you are AWARE of your decision to flick your hand

A

0.35

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6
Q

T/F: in the bug landing girl experiment, the action came BEFORE she realized she wanted to take action

A

true

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7
Q

your brain is unconsciously monitoring ALL sounds in the room and ______ unimportant info.

A

discards

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8
Q

only ________/_________ information is brought to your awareness/consciousness (ex: your name being called)

A

important/relevant

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9
Q

processing perceptual/sensory information on two levels – conscious + unconscious

A

dual processing

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10
Q

what is the “dual” in dual processing?

A
  • conscious level
  • NON-conscious level
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11
Q

dual processing: not much information, but we are aware of it and it immediately guides our actions

A

conscious

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12
Q

dual processing: a MASSIVE amount of sensory info. but you are unaware (unless it it brought into consciousness)

A

non-conscious

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13
Q

T/F: humans are great at multitasking (focusing on two or more things at once)

A

false

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14
Q

humans tend to be _________ that they can multitask

A

overconfident

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15
Q

focusing your consciousness/attention on a SINGLE THING (ex: trying to pay attention while your neigh chats; trying to block out the noise)

A

selective attention

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16
Q

selective attention is ________

A

effortful

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17
Q

T/F: selective attention is easier for some ppl and harder for others

A

true

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18
Q

what part of the brain determines how easy selective attention is for you?

A

frontal lobe

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19
Q

if selective attention is so hard for you that it affects your daily life, you have _______

A

ADHD

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20
Q

compliment to selective attention; trying to do 2 or more things

A

divided attention

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21
Q

white noise enhances ________ attention

A

selective

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22
Q

attention is a ________ source

A

limited

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23
Q

when information is NOT attended to (ex: gorilla moon-walking); dissipates quickly – your mind discards it

A

inattention blindness

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24
Q

blindness to a CHANGE in environment bc you weren’t looking for it (ex: switch of ppl asking for directions)

A

change blindness

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25
Q

change blindness is a form of what?

A

inattention blindness

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26
Q

occur on a 24-hour cycle and include sleep and wakefullness; “biological clock;” can be altered by superficial light

A

circadian rhythms

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27
Q

light triggers the _________________ to DECREASES melatonin in the morning from the _____ ______ and increase melatonin at night

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus; pineal gland

28
Q

what secretes/witholds melatonin from being released?

A

pineal gland

29
Q

T/F: most animals have circadian rhythms

A

true

30
Q

the pineal gland talks to what system to increase/decrease melatonin production?

A

endocrine system

31
Q

only hormone you can purchase over the counter

A

melatonin

32
Q

Sleep Theories (why we need it - 4)

A

1) sleep protects
2) sleep helps us recover
3) sleep helps us remember
4) sleep may play a role in the growth process

33
Q

sleep theory: evolutionary explanation; gets you out of danger and into a secure and safe environment (ex: animals sleeping in high tree branches)

A

sleep PROTECTS

34
Q

sleep theory: human growth hormone is only released during sleep

A

sleep helps us RECOVEER

35
Q

sleep theory: memory function; brain re-organizes memories during the day

A

sleep helps us REMEMBER

36
Q

sleep theory: babies sleep a vast majority of the time; as we age, we need less and less sleep (and growth hormone released)

A

sleep may play a role in the GROWTH PROCESS

37
Q

which hormone is only released during sleep?

A

human growth hormone

38
Q

effects of sleep deprivation (5):

A

1) fatigigue + subsequent death
2) impaired concentration
3) emotional irritability
4) depressed immune system
5) greater vulnerability to accident

39
Q

study that looked at the frequency of accidents with the 1 hour loss of sleep during change of daylight savings: the _______ time change reported more accidents where they _______ an hour of sleep

A

fall time change; lost

40
Q

in addition to just losing one hour of sleep, the fall time change could have had a higher frequency of accidents due to what CONFOUNDING factor?

A

amount of light in the morning (lighter during the Spring time change when you gain an hour)

41
Q

how do you measure the sleep stages in humans?

A

EEG (brain waves) + EMG (measures fascial muscle movements)

42
Q

measures fascial muscle movements/muscle tension

A

electro-muscle graph (EMG)

43
Q

stages of sleep (5):

A
  • NREM-1
  • NREM-2
  • NREM-3
  • REM
44
Q

stage of sleep: lightest stage of sleep; produces theta waves

A

NREM1

45
Q

stage of sleep: moderate sleep; produces theta waves; includes spindles (burst of activity) in brain waves

A

NREM2

46
Q

stage of sleep: DEEPEST stage of sleep; produces DELTA waves

A

NREM3

47
Q

stage of sleep: eyes are moving and ppl report VIVID dreams; almost as active as when you’re awake

A

REM

48
Q

type of brain waves (4):

A
  • alpha
  • beta
  • theta
  • delta
49
Q

type of wave: produced when awake but RELAXED

A

alpha

50
Q

type of wave: produced when awake + AROUSED + during REM sleep

A

beta

51
Q

type of wave: produced during NREM1

A

theta

52
Q

type of wave: produced during NREM2

A

theta

53
Q

type of wave: produced during NREM3

A

delta (think DEEP-DELTA)

54
Q

when are beta waves produced in the brain?

A
  • wake + AROUSED
  • REM sleep
55
Q

alpha wave rate =

A

9-14 cps (cycle per second)

56
Q

beta wave rate =

A

15-40 cps

57
Q

theta wave rate =

A

5-8 cps

58
Q

delta wave rate =

A

1.5-4 cps

59
Q

when you are awake but RELAXED, the _______ waves are _______ and _________

A

alpha; slow + regular

60
Q

a person who is meditating shows _______ brain waves and a person who is daydremaing shows _________ activity

A

alpha; theta

61
Q

which sleep stage shows spindles (bursts of acitivty) in their brain waves?

A

NREM2

62
Q

during REM – although still asleep, the brain engages in __________, _____ and _____ ______ waves, much like an awake-aroused state

A

low-amplitude, fast, and regular BETA waves

63
Q

as you age, you get less _____ sleep

A

REM

64
Q

who goes through more cycles of sleep stages – young adults or older adults?

A

older adults

65
Q

REM ______ as the night progresses

A

increases

Psychology (23 decks)

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