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Psychology > Lec. 6 (consciousness + sleep) > Flashcards

Lec. 6 (consciousness + sleep) Flashcards

1
Q

awareness of the outside world and of one’s mental processes, thoughts, feelings, and perceptions

A

consciousness

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2
Q

in addition to conscious thoughts, there is much ________ information we aren’t aware of but we ARE prcessing

A

unconscious

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3
Q

a bug lands on your arm, and there is a ______ on an EEG, meaning your brain registered it

A

spike

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4
Q

______ seconds after the bug lands on your arm, your hand MOVES

A

0.25 seconds

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5
Q

_______ seconds after the bug lands on your arm, you are AWARE of your decision to flick your hand

A

0.35

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6
Q

T/F: in the bug landing girl experiment, the action came BEFORE she realized she wanted to take action

A

true

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7
Q

your brain is unconsciously monitoring ALL sounds in the room and ______ unimportant info.

A

discards

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8
Q

only ________/_________ information is brought to your awareness/consciousness (ex: your name being called)

A

important/relevant

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9
Q

processing perceptual/sensory information on two levels – conscious + unconscious

A

dual processing

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10
Q

what is the “dual” in dual processing?

A
  • conscious level
  • NON-conscious level
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11
Q

dual processing: not much information, but we are aware of it and it immediately guides our actions

A

conscious

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12
Q

dual processing: a MASSIVE amount of sensory info. but you are unaware (unless it it brought into consciousness)

A

non-conscious

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13
Q

T/F: humans are great at multitasking (focusing on two or more things at once)

A

false

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14
Q

humans tend to be _________ that they can multitask

A

overconfident

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15
Q

focusing your consciousness/attention on a SINGLE THING (ex: trying to pay attention while your neigh chats; trying to block out the noise)

A

selective attention

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16
Q

selective attention is ________

A

effortful

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17
Q

T/F: selective attention is easier for some ppl and harder for others

A

true

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18
Q

what part of the brain determines how easy selective attention is for you?

A

frontal lobe

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19
Q

if selective attention is so hard for you that it affects your daily life, you have _______

A

ADHD

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20
Q

compliment to selective attention; trying to do 2 or more things

A

divided attention

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21
Q

white noise enhances ________ attention

A

selective

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22
Q

attention is a ________ source

A

limited

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23
Q

when information is NOT attended to (ex: gorilla moon-walking); dissipates quickly – your mind discards it

A

inattention blindness

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24
Q

blindness to a CHANGE in environment bc you weren’t looking for it (ex: switch of ppl asking for directions)

A

change blindness

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25
change blindness is a form of what?
inattention blindness
26
occur on a 24-hour cycle and include sleep and wakefullness; "biological clock;" can be altered by superficial light
circadian rhythms
27
light triggers the _________________ to DECREASES melatonin in the morning from the _____ ______ and increase melatonin at night
suprachiasmatic nucleus; pineal gland
28
what secretes/witholds melatonin from being released?
pineal gland
29
T/F: most animals have circadian rhythms
true
30
the pineal gland talks to what system to increase/decrease melatonin production?
endocrine system
31
only hormone you can purchase over the counter
melatonin
32
Sleep Theories (why we need it - 4)
1) sleep protects 2) sleep helps us recover 3) sleep helps us remember 4) sleep may play a role in the growth process
33
sleep theory: evolutionary explanation; gets you out of danger and into a secure and safe environment (ex: animals sleeping in high tree branches)
sleep PROTECTS
34
sleep theory: human growth hormone is only released during sleep
sleep helps us RECOVEER
35
sleep theory: memory function; brain re-organizes memories during the day
sleep helps us REMEMBER
36
sleep theory: babies sleep a vast majority of the time; as we age, we need less and less sleep (and growth hormone released)
sleep may play a role in the GROWTH PROCESS
37
which hormone is only released during sleep?
human growth hormone
38
effects of sleep deprivation (5):
1) fatigigue + subsequent death 2) impaired concentration 3) emotional irritability 4) depressed immune system 5) greater vulnerability to accident
39
study that looked at the frequency of accidents with the 1 hour loss of sleep during change of daylight savings: the _______ time change reported more accidents where they _______ an hour of sleep
fall time change; lost
40
in addition to just losing one hour of sleep, the fall time change could have had a higher frequency of accidents due to what CONFOUNDING factor?
amount of light in the morning (lighter during the Spring time change when you gain an hour)
41
how do you measure the sleep stages in humans?
EEG (brain waves) + EMG (measures fascial muscle movements)
42
measures fascial muscle movements/muscle tension
electro-muscle graph (EMG)
43
stages of sleep (5):
- NREM-1 - NREM-2 - NREM-3 - REM
44
stage of sleep: lightest stage of sleep; produces theta waves
NREM1
45
stage of sleep: moderate sleep; produces theta waves; includes spindles (burst of activity) in brain waves
NREM2
46
stage of sleep: DEEPEST stage of sleep; produces DELTA waves
NREM3
47
stage of sleep: eyes are moving and ppl report VIVID dreams; almost as active as when you're awake
REM
48
type of brain waves (4):
- alpha - beta - theta - delta
49
type of wave: produced when awake but RELAXED
alpha
50
type of wave: produced when awake + AROUSED + during REM sleep
beta
51
type of wave: produced during NREM1
theta
52
type of wave: produced during NREM2
theta
53
type of wave: produced during NREM3
delta (think DEEP-DELTA)
54
when are beta waves produced in the brain?
- wake + AROUSED - REM sleep
55
alpha wave rate =
9-14 cps (cycle per second)
56
beta wave rate =
15-40 cps
57
theta wave rate =
5-8 cps
58
delta wave rate =
1.5-4 cps
59
when you are awake but RELAXED, the _______ waves are _______ and _________
alpha; slow + regular
60
a person who is meditating shows _______ brain waves and a person who is daydremaing shows _________ activity
alpha; theta
61
which sleep stage shows spindles (bursts of acitivty) in their brain waves?
NREM2
62
during REM -- although still asleep, the brain engages in __________, _____ and _____ ______ waves, much like an awake-aroused state
low-amplitude, fast, and regular BETA waves
63
as you age, you get less _____ sleep
REM
64
who goes through more cycles of sleep stages -- young adults or older adults?
older adults
65
REM ______ as the night progresses
increases

Psychology (23 decks)

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