Lec. 20 (emotions) Flashcards
organized psychological and physiological reactions to changes in one’s relationship to the world
emotions
emotions are partly what 2 things?
- inner or subjective experiences (psychological)
- partly measurable patterns of behavior and physiological arousal
there is great controversey whether _______ or ______ comes first
cognition (thinking) or emotion (feeling)
when you become happy, your heart starts beating ________
faster
first comes _______ ________, then comes ______ ________ (ex: heart beating faster when happy)
conscious awareness; physiological activity
3 theories on why we feel emotion:
1) james-lange
2) canon-bard
3) cognitive theories (2-factor theory)
which emotion theory is currently accepted?
cognitive theories (2-factor theory)
emotion theory: “our AWARENESS of our peripheral responses is emotion”
james-lange
emotion theory: “emotions come directly from the BRAIN”
canon-bard
emotion theory: we interpret events outside and inside our body; it is these INTERPRETATIONS that leads to emotions
cognitive theories (2 factor theory)
according to Jame-Lange theory, physiological activity _______ the emotional experience
precedes (comes before)
according to Cannon-Bard theory, an emotion-triggering stimulus and the body’s arousal take place ________
simultaneously
according to the Two-Factor theory, our _____ + _____ create emotions
physiology + cognitions
what are the 2 factors of emotions in the Two-Factor theory?
1) physical arousal
2) cognitive label
components of emotions (3):
- psychological (subjective) EXPERIENCE
- behaviors
- physiological responses
component of emotions: how we feel
psychological (subjective) experience
component of emotions: shouting when angry, crying when sad
behaviors
component of emotions: increasing heartbeat, sweating; influenced by AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
physiological responses
physiological responses related to the emotions of ______, _______, _____, and _____ are very SIMILAR.
fear, angler, love, and boredom
________ and _________ involve a similar physiological arousal
excitement and fear
_________ + ___________ (physiological differences) change during fear, rage, and joy.
finger temperature + facial muscles
T/F: activity on the left hemisphere (HAPPY) is different from the right (DEPRESSED) for emotions.
true
left hemisphere emotion =
happy
right hemisphere emotion =
depressed
sympathetic or parasympathetic: pupils dilate
sympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: pupils contract
parasympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: salivation decreases
sympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: salivation increases
parasympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: skin perspires
sympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: skin dries
parasympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: respiration increases
sympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: respiration decreases
parasympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: heart accelerates
sympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: heart slows
parasympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: digestions is inhibited
sympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: digestion activates
parasympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: adrenal glands secretes stress hormones
sympathetic
sympathetic or parasympathetic: adrenal glands decreases secretion of stress hormones
parasympathetic
T/F: cognition does not always PRECEDE emotion
true
emotions are felt directly through the ________ or through the _______ for analysis
amygdala; cortex
SPEEDY low road fear pathway (3 steps)
1) fear stimulus to THALAMUS
2) signal to amygdala
3) fear response occurs
THINKING high road pathway (5 steps)
1) fear stimulus to THALAMUS
2) signal to SENSORY CORTEX
3) PREFRONTAL CORTEX
4) amygdala
5) fear response
2 ROUTES to emotion:
1) event —> appraisal —-> emotional response
2) event —> emotional response
route to emotion: event —> appraisal —-> emotional response ; thinking, HIGH-ROAD
lazarus/schachter-singer
route to emotion: event —> emotional response; speedy; LOW-ROAD
zajonc/ LeDoux
detecting emotion: in a crowd of faces, a single ______ face will “pop out” faster than a single ______ facd
angry; happy
when shown sad, happy, and scary film clips women _______ more emotions than men – about DOUBLE; mainly cultural prob
expressed
effects of FACIAL EXPRESSION: when groups (one w/ lips surrounding a pen and one with teeth biting on pen) were asked to rate jokes on funniness, which group rated them higher?
group biting teeth (already close to a smiling facial expression)
lips vs. teeth groups rating jokes and teeth rating them HIGHER is in agreement with which emotion theory?
James-Lang
Izard isolated 10 emotions; most of them are present in infancy except for ______, _______, and _________ (more complex)
contempt, shame, and guilt
10 emotions isolated by Izard:
1) joy
2) anger
3) interest
4) disgust
5) surprise
6) sadness
7) fear
8) contempt
9) shame
10) guilt
