Lec. 10 (adolescence + adulthood)

Question 1

life between childhood and adulthood

Answer 1

adolescence

Question 2

start of adolescence =

Answer 2

puberty

Question 3

puberty occurs earlier in females (_____ years) than in males (____ years)

Answer 3

11 years; 13 years

Question 4

height in _____ increases before _____

Answer 4

females; males

Question 5

T/F: puberty occurs at different times between girls and boys

Answer 5

true

Question 6

boys keep growing and become taller than girls at age _____

Answer 6

14

Question 7

develop rapidly during puberty; the reproductive ORGANS and external GENITALIA

Answer 7

primary sexual characteristics

Question 8

the nonreproductive traits such as breasts and hips in girls and facial hair and deepening of voice in boys that develop during puberty; pubic hair and armpit hair grow in both sexes

Answer 8

secondary sexual characteristics

Question 9

which sex characteristics are REQUIRED for reproduction?

Answer 9

primary

Question 10

secondary sex characteristics occur due to ______ changes

Answer 10

hormone

Question 11

in the frontal cortex, increased _________ occurs during adolescence

Answer 11

myelination

Question 12

the frontal cortex lags behind the _____ ______’s development

Answer 12

limbic system

Question 13

what 3 things in the brain may explain occasional poor teen judgement?

Answer 13

• hormonal surges
• limbic system
• underdeveloped frontal cortex

Question 14

limbic system is responsible for _______ emotions

Answer 14

negative

Question 15

according to ________ adolescents can handle ABSTRACT problems

Answer 15

Piaget

Question 16

T/F: adolescents can judge good from evil, truth and justice, and think about God in deeper terms + morality

Answer 16

true

Question 17

posed MORAL dilemmas to children and adolescents, such as “should a person steal medicine to save a loved one’s life;” found DISCRETE stages of moral development

Answer 17

Kohlberg

Question 18

MORAL DEVELOPMENT =

Answer 18

Kohlberg

Question 19

Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development (3):

Answer 19

1) Preconventional Level
2) Conventional Level
3) Postconventional Level

Question 20

Kohlberg stage of moral develop: moral choices tend to be SELFISH in nature

Answer 20

preconventional

Question 21

Kohlberg stage of moral develop: choices based on following RULES and conventions

Answer 21

conventional

Question 22

Kohlberg stage of moral develop: moral judgements based on PERSONAL STANDARDS or universal principles of justice, equality, and respect for human life

Answer 22

postconventional

Question 23

preconventional is found mostly in _________

Answer 23

children

Question 24

postconventional level is found in less than ____% of ppl

Answer 24

10%

Question 25

T/F: not all of us will reach postconventional level of moral development

Answer 25

true

Question 26

MOST ppl will reach ______ level.. but not all

Answer 26

conventional

Question 27

limitations of Kohlberg’s Stages (2):

Answer 27

• cross-cultural studies (stage 3 does not always appear)
• gender differences in moral thinking

Question 28

limitation of Kohlberg’s Stages: stage 1 and 2 appear universal, but stage 3 does not always appear; these type of studies made this apparent

Answer 28

cross-cultural studies

Question 29

which gender is concerned with ABSTRACT, IMPERSONAL concept of justice

Answer 29

men

Question 30

which gender is concerned with PROTECTING + enduring relationships and fulfilling human needs

Answer 30

women

Question 31

men are associated more often with stage _______ of Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, while women are associated with stage _____

Answer 31

2 (conventional); 3 (postconventional)

Question 32

emerging adulthood spans ages ____-_____

Answer 32

18-25

Question 33

during this time, young adults may live with their parents and attend college or work

Answer 33

emerging adulthood

Question 34

on average, emerging adults marry when?

Answer 34

in their MID-TWENTIES

Question 35

time between getting first period and marriage for women is _____

Answer 35

increasing

Question 36

ADULTHOOD begins when?

Answer 36

after a person’s mid-twenties

Question 37

T/F: defining adulthood into stages is more difficult than defining stages of childhood or adolescence

Answer 37

true

Question 38

the peak of physical performance occurs around ____ years of age, after which it declines imperceptibly for most of us

Answer 38

20

Question 39

during MIDDLE adulthood, what 4 things begin to decline after your mid-twenties?

Answer 39

• muscular strength
• reaction time
• sensory abilities
• cardiac output

Question 40

in addition to your physical abilities, your ______ abilities ALSO decline after your mid-twenties and into middle adulthood

Answer 40

sensory

Question 41

______ memory does NOT decline with age, but _______ memory DOES

Answer 41

recognition; recall

Question 42

with age, you could _________ words at a stable rate but not ________

Answer 42

recognize; recall

Question 43

ability to reason speedily; DECLINES with age (ex: video game)

Answer 43

fluid intelligence

Question 44

accumulated knowledge and skills; does NOT decline with age (ex: trivia)

Answer 44

crystallized intelligence

Question 45

________ intelligence declines with age, but not ________ intelligence

Answer 45

fluid; crystallized

Question 46

as we age, we gain ______ and ______, but lose _____ memory and process more _______

Answer 46

vocab + knowledge; recall; slowly

Question 47

world knowledge and CRYSTALLIZED intelligence _____ as you age after 20

Answer 47

increases

Question 48

processing capability and FLUID intelligence _______ as you age

Answer 48

decreases