Lec. 10 (adolescence + adulthood) Flashcards

1
Q

life between childhood and adulthood

A

adolescence

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2
Q

start of adolescence =

A

puberty

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3
Q

puberty occurs earlier in females (_____ years) than in males (____ years)

A

11 years; 13 years

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4
Q

height in _____ increases before _____

A

females; males

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5
Q

T/F: puberty occurs at different times between girls and boys

A

true

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6
Q

boys keep growing and become taller than girls at age _____

A

14

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7
Q

develop rapidly during puberty; the reproductive ORGANS and external GENITALIA

A

primary sexual characteristics

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8
Q

the nonreproductive traits such as breasts and hips in girls and facial hair and deepening of voice in boys that develop during puberty; pubic hair and armpit hair grow in both sexes

A

secondary sexual characteristics

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9
Q

which sex characteristics are REQUIRED for reproduction?

A

primary

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10
Q

secondary sex characteristics occur due to ______ changes

A

hormone

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11
Q

in the frontal cortex, increased _________ occurs during adolescence

A

myelination

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12
Q

the frontal cortex lags behind the _____ ______’s development

A

limbic system

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13
Q

what 3 things in the brain may explain occasional poor teen judgement?

A
  • hormonal surges
  • limbic system
  • underdeveloped frontal cortex
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14
Q

limbic system is responsible for _______ emotions

A

negative

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15
Q

according to ________ adolescents can handle ABSTRACT problems

A

Piaget

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16
Q

T/F: adolescents can judge good from evil, truth and justice, and think about God in deeper terms + morality

A

true

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17
Q

posed MORAL dilemmas to children and adolescents, such as “should a person steal medicine to save a loved one’s life;” found DISCRETE stages of moral development

A

Kohlberg

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18
Q

MORAL DEVELOPMENT =

A

Kohlberg

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19
Q

Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development (3):

A

1) Preconventional Level
2) Conventional Level
3) Postconventional Level

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20
Q

Kohlberg stage of moral develop: moral choices tend to be SELFISH in nature

A

preconventional

21
Q

Kohlberg stage of moral develop: choices based on following RULES and conventions

A

conventional

22
Q

Kohlberg stage of moral develop: moral judgements based on PERSONAL STANDARDS or universal principles of justice, equality, and respect for human life

A

postconventional

23
Q

preconventional is found mostly in _________

24
Q

postconventional level is found in less than ____% of ppl

25
T/F: not all of us will reach postconventional level of moral development
true
26
MOST ppl will reach ______ level.. but not all
conventional
27
limitations of Kohlberg's Stages (2):
- cross-cultural studies (stage 3 does not always appear) - gender differences in moral thinking
28
limitation of Kohlberg's Stages: stage 1 and 2 appear universal, but stage 3 does not always appear; these type of studies made this apparent
cross-cultural studies
29
which gender is concerned with ABSTRACT, IMPERSONAL concept of justice
men
30
which gender is concerned with PROTECTING + enduring relationships and fulfilling human needs
women
31
men are associated more often with stage _______ of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, while women are associated with stage _____
2 (conventional); 3 (postconventional)
32
emerging adulthood spans ages ____-_____
18-25
33
during this time, young adults may live with their parents and attend college or work
emerging adulthood
34
on average, emerging adults marry when?
in their MID-TWENTIES
35
time between getting first period and marriage for women is _____
increasing
36
ADULTHOOD begins when?
after a person's mid-twenties
37
T/F: defining adulthood into stages is more difficult than defining stages of childhood or adolescence
true
38
the peak of physical performance occurs around ____ years of age, after which it declines imperceptibly for most of us
20
39
during MIDDLE adulthood, what 4 things begin to decline after your mid-twenties?
- muscular strength - reaction time - sensory abilities - cardiac output
40
in addition to your physical abilities, your ______ abilities ALSO decline after your mid-twenties and into middle adulthood
sensory
41
______ memory does NOT decline with age, but _______ memory DOES
recognition; recall
42
with age, you could _________ words at a stable rate but not ________
recognize; recall
43
ability to reason speedily; DECLINES with age (ex: video game)
fluid intelligence
44
accumulated knowledge and skills; does NOT decline with age (ex: trivia)
crystallized intelligence
45
________ intelligence declines with age, but not ________ intelligence
fluid; crystallized
46
as we age, we gain ______ and ______, but lose _____ memory and process more _______
vocab + knowledge; recall; slowly
47
world knowledge and CRYSTALLIZED intelligence _____ as you age after 20
increases
48
processing capability and FLUID intelligence _______ as you age
decreases