Lab Manual: Female Reproductive system Flashcards
the bulk of the ovary is divided into the ___ and ___
cellular CORTEX and the MEDULLA made of loose connective tissue.
the ovary medulla is made of ___ ___ CT. Main cells of the medulla
loose fibrous connective tissue. main cells in the medulla are HILUS cells : produces androgens.
ovarian follicles develop within the ___
cortex.
each ovarian follicle is surrounded by a ____ made of connective tissue.
STROMA
the embryonic ovarian cortex becomes populated by ____ germ cells, which form ____ follicles
PRIMORDIAL GERM CELLS, which form PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES.
not all the primordial follicles go onto further development. some of them die in a process called ___
atresia
inside the primordial follicles, there are ___ ___ and are suspended in ____ of meiosis 1 until they continue development just prior to ovulation
PRIMARY OOCYTES and are suspended in PROPHASE 1
primordial follicles and their primary oocytes stay in a constant state until puberty, in which they begin to develop in response to ____
FSH.
as the primary oocyte matures, follicle cells begin to form ____ cells, and they form the ____ ___ ___
as the primary oocyte matures, follicle cells begin to form GRANULOSA cells, and they form the multilaminar PRIMARY FOLLICLE.
during the formation of the primary follicle, a ___ ___ forms between primary oocyte and the granulosa cells. In the stroma, the ___ ___ and ___ __ also begin to develop
ZONA PELLUCIDA. in the stroma, the theca interna and theca externa also develop.
what is the purpose of the theca interna and granulosa cells during ovulation
produce the hormoneestrogen.
development of a primary follicle into a secondary follicle involves the formation of a space called the ___. the __ ___ also forms ontop of the granulosa cells
development of a primary follicle into a secondary follicle involves the formation of a space called the ANTRUM. the CUMULUS OOPHOROUS also forms ontop of the granulosa cells
the layer of cells surrounding the oocyte, which will be ovulated with it, is called the ___ ___
corona radiata.
the secondary follicle becomes a ____ follicle.
graafian
purpose of FSH
to simulate growth and development of the ovarian follicles
purpose of luteinizing hormong
to stimulate ovulation, and is necessary for development of the corpus luteum.
just before ovulation, the primary oocyte completes the first meiotic division to form a secondary oocyte and the ___ ___ ___
first polar body. the secondary oocyte begins the second meiotic division and stops at metaphase 2 unless fertilized.
after ovulation, under the influence of LH, follicle cells remaining in the ovary form the __ ___. which follicle cells are involved?
corpus luteum. Granulosa cells form granulosa lutein cells, which secrete progesterone theca interna cells form the theca lutein cells, which secrete estrogen precurors.
if fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteim becomes ___. what happens if fertilization of the oocyte occurs?
becomes corpus albicans. if fertilization occurs, it becomes the corpus luteum of pregnancy, and HCG causes the corpus luteum to enlarge and continue to supply estrogen and progesterone necessary to maintain the pregnancy.
three portions of the fallopian tube
1) infundibulum 2) ampulla 3) isthmus
3 layers of the uterine tubes
1) mucosa 2) muscularis 3) serosa.
two cells of the mucosa of the fallopian tube
1) ciliated cells. sweeps oocyte towards uterus 2) nonciliated secretory cells. nourishes sperm and oocyte and assists in sperm capacitation.
two layers of muscularis in the fallopian tube
1) inner circular 2) outer longitudinal. helps move the oocyte to uterus
the entire uterine tube is covered with ___
serosa
3 major layers of the uterus
1) endometrium 2)myometrium 3) perimetrium
the ____ is the site of blastocyst implantation
endometrium
the endometirum is lined with ___ ___ epithelium overlying a ___. It also contains ___ ___ that secretes glycogen.
the endometirum is lined with SIMPLE COLUMNAR epithelium overlying a STROMA. It also contains UTERINE GLANDS that secretes glycogen.
what occurs during the proliferative phase
uterine glands elongate. stroma gets thicker and more vascular.
what happens during the luteal phase
occurs after ovulation. endometrium is maintained by progesterone
3 layers of the endometrium. which get shed during menstruation?
1) stratus basalis (near myometrium) 2) stratum spongiosum 3) stratum compactum. layers 2 and 3 are known as the stratum functionalis and gets shed
stratum basalis of the endometrium is supplied with blood by ___ ____, where as the stratum functionalis is suppled by ___ ____.
stratum basalis of the endometrium is supplied with blood by STRAIGHT ARTERIES, where as the stratum functionalis is suppled by SPIRAL ARTERIES.
the myometrium contain ___ muscle layers
3 layers 1) inner long 2) spiral layer 3) outer long.
the fundus and body of the uterus is covered with ____, and the remainder is covered with ____
the fundus and body of the uterus is covered with SEROSA, and the remainder is covered with ADVENTITIA
the cervix contains ____ glands which secrete mucus
endocervical glands whch secretes mucus. Mucus composition differs according to cycle.
the vagina is lined with ___ ___ __ epithelium
nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
two layers of muscle found in the vagina
1) inner circular 2) outer longitudinal
mammary glands are ___ ___
compound tubuloacinar
lobes of the mammary glands lead to a ___ ___, which drains the gland to a ___ ___, which leads to a nipple.
lobes of the mammary glands lead to a LACTIFEROUS DUCT, which drains the gland to a LACTIFEROUS SINUS, which leads to a nipple.
mammary glands are surrounded by
alveoli
during pregnancy, the mammary glands branch and grow into ___, composed of ___ ___ epithelium and surrounded by ____ cells.
during pregnancy, the mammary glands branch and grow into ALVEOLI, composed of SIMPLE COLUMNAR epithelium and surrounded by MYOEPITHELIAL cells.
release of milk is under the influence of ____
oxytocin.
if fertilization occurs, the zygote becomes a ____< which becomes a ____. this ___ has two layers:
if fertilization occurs, the zygote becomes a MORULA which becomes a BLASTOCYST. this BLASTOCYST has two layers: 1) trophoblast– helps create placenta. 2) embryoblast – embryo portion
chorionic villi anchor the embryo to the __ ___ of the placenta
decidua basalis
this structure is covered with ___ epithelium overlying a connective tissue __ ___
OVARY. covered with germinal epithelium on top of TUNICA ALBUGINEA
label
what stage is this follicle
primary follicle
what stage is this follicle at
primary multilaminar follicle
what stage is this follicle at? label
graafian mature follicle
what is this
corpus luteum
what is this
corpus albicans
what is this? What two epithelial cells are found here?
fallopian tubes
ciliated epithelial cells and peg cells.
what portion of the fallopian tube does fertilization occur?
ampulla
label
uterus
what phase is this uterus is
secretory. note the coiled glands
what phase is this uterus in
proliferative. the uterine glands are more straight
what phase is this uterus in
menstrual phase
what is this
vagina. note stratified squamous epithelium
what gland is this? what state is it in?
mammary gland inactive
what gland is this? what state is it in?
mammary gland, active
what is this? label
umbilical cord
