Connective Tissue 3 Flashcards
T/F: bone is vascularized
true
outline the organic and inorganic components of bone matrix
organic: collagen type 1, proteoglycans, glycoproteins
inorganic: calcium and phosphate
functions of bone
1) support the body
2) attach to tendons and ligaments
3) organ protection
4) blood forming tissue (red bone marrow)
5) fat storage and medullary cavity
6) mineral resevoir
7) act as levers when muscles contract to move body
axial components of skeleton
skull, rib cage, spinal cord
appendicular skeleton components
limb bones
middle of long bone is known as
diaphysis
ends of bones are known as
epiphysis
portion of bone connecting diaphysis and epiphysis
metaphysis
2 main types of bone tissue seen
1) compact
2) sponge/cancellous/trabecullar
2 membranes of the bone and characterization
1) periosterum made of dense ireegular CT (like perichondrium). covers bone except at joint surfaces.
2) endosteum. lines the interior of the bone. very thin dense irregular CT. also associated with osteoprogenitor cells.
HOw is periosteum membrane connected to the bone?
via Sharpey fibers, collagen bundles.
2 layers of the periosteum
1) fibrous layer
2) cellular/osteogenic layer that contains osteoprogenitor cells
which portion of the long bone houses the medullar cavity? what is inside the medullary cavity?
diaphysis houses the medullar cavity which contains yellow bone marrow (fat storage)
Compact bone is composed of ___ (____ systems)
compact bone is composed of osteons aka HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS
osteocytes are found in ___ cavities which are arranged in circles ( ____ ) around a central canal with blood vessels and nerves ( ____ canal)
osteocytes are found in LACUNAE_ cavities which are arranged in circles ( LAMELLAE ) around a central canal with blood vessels and nerves ( HAVERSIAN canal)
lacunae cavities that house the osteocytes are connected to each other and to the central canal by ______.
canalculi. Nutrients and waste materials diffuse through the canal systems between blood vessels in the central canal and the bone cells.
neighboring haversian canals are linked via ____ canals
volkmann’s canals
what are interstitial lamellae?
former haversian systems remaining as a result of growth and remodelling.
Remodeling is a continuous process that involves the coordinated activity of ____ and ___, and is responsible for adaptation of bone to changes in stress, especially during the body’s growth.
. Remodeling is a continuous process that involves the coordinated activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and is responsible for adaptation of bone to changes in stress, especially during the body’s growth.
4 types of bone cells
1) osteoprogenitor cells - develops into osteoblast
2) osteoblast - forms bone matrix
3) osteocyte- maintains bone tissue
4) osteoclast - breakdown bone
osteoprogenitor cells develop from ____ cells. Where are they found?
develop from mesenchymal cells. found in bone membranes (endosteum and periosteum). differentiate into osteoblasts
location of osteoblasts. Function. What do they mature into and when?
location: along bone surfaces
function: synthesis of organic components of the matrix (collagen 1)
matures into an osteocyte when it gets enveloped in the osteoid it produced (made of collagen)
function of osteocytes. characteristic feature?
to maintain surrounding matrix, which was formed by the osteoblast.
feature: has many cytoplasmic extensions that lie in the CANALCULI.
____ are phagocytic cells that erode bone. Surrounded by ___ lacunae and are involved in bone resorption
osteoclasts. surrounded by HOWSHIP lacunae.
