Female Reproduction 1 Flashcards
Genital tract of the female reproductive system
uterine tubes, uterus, vagina
Outline the endocrine and exocrine fucntions of the ovary
endo: produces estrogen and progesterone hormones exocrine: produce ova
the ovaries are covered with a layer of ____ epithelium and ___ ___ epithelium
GERMINAL EPITHELIUM and SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
beneath the epithelium of the ovaries layes a layer of connective tissue capsule known as the ___ ___
tunica albugeinea
What components of the ovaries are located beneach the tunica albuginea
1) outer cortex 2) inner medulla
which portion of this ovary is the medullary region? the cortical region?
the ___ ____ is the site of fertilization.
fallopian tube
4 portions of the fallopian tubes
1) infundibulum with fimbriae
2) ampulla
3) isthmus
4) uterine or intramural portion
What is this? What epithelium is found facing the lumenal portions of this structure
fallopian tube. this is simply ciliated columnar epithelium
label
this is the uterus
which portion of the fallopian tube houses the most folded mucosa?
most promnent in the AMPULLA
3 portions of the walls of the fallopian tube
1) mucosa (and lamina propria)
2) muscularis with 2 layers
3) serosa
the lamina propria in the fallopian tube contains ____ CT. What epithelium is found in the mucosa layer of the FT?
lamina propria is made of LLOSE CT. the mucosa is lined by simple columnar epithelium consisting of 2 types of cells
1) ciliated cells
2) peg cells to secrete mucous which keeps the lining moise and provides nutrients for ovum and sperm
2 cell types found in the mucosa of the fallopian tubes and function
1) ciliated cells: propels ovum towards uterus
2) peg cells: secretes mucous which keeps the tract moist and provides nutrients for ovum AND SPERM
2 layers of the muscularis layer of the fallopian tube
inner circular and outer longitudinal (x2)
Label
fallopian tube
LP= lamina propria with loose connective tissue- highly folded in the ampulla
C= circular layer of muscle
L= longitudinal muscle (2 layers!)
E= epithelium— SC= secretory cells, CC= ciliated cells.
4 portions of the uterus
1) fundus
2) body
3) isthmus
4) cervix
the ___ is the site of implantation of blastocyst
UTERUS
3 layers of the uterus
1) endometrium
2) myometrium
3) perimetrium
the uterus doesn’t have a mucosa, instead, what is this layer called?
the endometrium
epithelium found in the endometrium. What other tissue is found?
simple columnar epithelium with ciliated cells. there is also a STROMA made of loose connective tissue. this contains endometrial glands, coiled arteries, ground substance and fibroblasts.
E= endometrium
M= myometrium
LP= lamina propria with loose connective tissue and stroma
UG= uterine/endometrial glands.
the endometrium is subdivided into two layers. what are they
1) stratum basalis. basal portion of endo metrium
2) stratum functionalis. sloughed off during every menstruation and it is the site of cyclic changes.
uterine glands of the endometrium are found in the ____ layer
basal layer. stratum basalis
label
uterus with a focus on the endometrium
M= myometrium
A= arteries (straight)
B= stratus BASALIS of the endometrium
G= uterine glands
SE= surface epithelium lined with simple columnar epithelium, some cells have cilia
S= STROMA
in the stratum basalis layer of the endometrial uterus, what type of collagen can be found in the connective tissue stroma?
collagen 3
3 phases that the stratum functionalis undergoes in the cyle
1) menstrual (day 1-5)
2) proliferative (6-14)
3) secretory phases (15-28)
label the phases of the uterus
the myometrium layer of the uterus is equivalent to the ___ ___. What tissue is it made of?
the perimetrium is equivalent to the ___
equivalent to the muscularis externa. made of bundles of smooth muscle. the perimetrium is equivalent to the SEROSA
What portion of the reproductive system is this? What layer contains elastic fibers so that it stretches?
vagina. M= myometrium
A= adventitia
LP= lamina propria (CONTAINS ELASTICC FIBERS)
SS= Stratified squamous epithelium NON KERATINIZED
What is endometriosis
when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, causing implants, lesions and nodules in surrounding tissues such as appendix, bladder and intestine.
symptoms of endometriosis
painful periods, painful intercourse
what is placenta previa?
when the embryo is impanted close to the cervix, and the placenta between fetus and vagina obstructs passuge of the fetus during delivery.
often results in rupture because placenta is highly vascularized, and the female will die if the fetus is not delivered by cesarean section.
