lab 2 Flashcards
somatic cells
reproduce for the purpose of growth, replacement, and repair
interphase
the time where the cell grows in size, carries out normal activities, and prepares for cell division
cell division
series of events that lead to production of two identical cells often referred to as daughter cells
g1
cell grows and conducts normal functions. prepares for cell division by duplicated most organelles and cytoplasmic components
s phase
the phase where dna is replicated
g2
enzymes and other proteins that will aid in mitosis are made, centriole replication is completed
M phase
mitosis - division of nuclear material
cytokinesis - division of cytoplasm and organelles between daughter cells
prophase (4)
chromatin condenses into chromosomes, nuclear envelope breaks down, centrioles pushed to opposite sides, spindle fibres form
metaphase (1)
spindle fibres align chromosomes at the equatorial plate
anaphase (2)
centromeres split and chromatids move to opposite sides, chromatids are now called chromosomes
telophase (3)
chromosomes are at the poles and begin to uncoil, nuclear envelope reforms, spindle breaks down
cytokinesis
begins in late anaphase (cleavage furrow), finishes after telophase. divides cell into two daughter cells
role of microtubules in prophase, metaphase, and anaphase
pro - form mitotic spindle
meta - pull sister chromatids back and forth until in a line
ana - draw chromosomes towards teh spindle poles
what is one reason that chromatin fibres condense before dividing?
so chromosomes dont get tangled or broken during distribution
g0
phase that cells taht cannot be replaced enter
