hemostasis and blood vessels quiz (week anatomy) Flashcards
anterior cerebral artery
front 2 arteries in brain connected by anterior communicating artery
anterior communicating artery
connects anterior cerebral arteries at the front of the brain
aorta
top of the heart
axillary artery
armpit artery
basilar artery
mid brain artery with lots of branches, resembles fish bones
brachial. artery
“bicep veins”
brachiocephalic trunk
far right trunk of aorta, splits into subclavian and common carotid
common carotid artery
extend from heart towards head, split into external and internal
common iliac artery
splits off aorta near pelvis, external and internal after
celiac trunk
branches off aorta to nourish many organs in the abdominal cavity
common hepatic artery
branch off celiac trunk going to the liver
external carotid artery
extends to the front of the face
external iliac artery
runs down medial to internal, becomes femoral
femoral artery
extends from external iliac, runs down femur
internal carotid artery
internal branch of common carotid, extends to brain
internal iliac artery
goes to pelvic organs
popliteal artery
follows femoral, behind the knee
posterior communicating artery
connects posterior cerebral to internal carotid artery
posterior cerebral artery
connects basilar to anterior brain arteries
radial artery
lateral forearm artery
renal artery
branch of celiac trunk that goes to kidneys
subclavian artery
branch off heart (left) and brachiocephalic trunk (right) to the arms
ulnar artery
medial forearm artery
vertebral artery
two arteries at the base of the brain
splenic artery
branch of celiac trunk that goes to spleen
front 2 arteries in brain connected by anterior communicating artery
anterior cerebral artery
connects anterior cerebral arteries at the front of the brain
anterior communicating artery
top of the heart
aorta
armpit artery
axillary artery
mid brain artery with lots of branches, resembles fish bones
basilar artery
“bicep veins”
brachial. artery
far right trunk of aorta, splits into subclavian and common carotid
brachiocephalic trunk
extend from heart towards head, split into external and internal
common carotid artery
splits off aorta near pelvis, external and internal after
common iliac artery
branches off aorta to nourish many organs in the abdominal cavity
celiac trunk
branch off celiac trunk going to the liver
common hepatic artery
extends to the front of the face
external carotid artery
runs down medial to internal, becomes femoral
external iliac artery
extends from external iliac, runs down femur
femoral artery
internal branch of common carotid, extends to brain
internal carotid artery
goes to pelvic organs
internal iliac artery
follows femoral, behind the knee
popliteal artery
connects posterior cerebral to internal carotid artery
posterior communicating artery
connects basilar to posterior communicating
posterior cerebral artery
lateral forearm artery
radial artery
goes to kidneys
renal artery
branch off heart (left) and brachiocephalic trunk (right) to the arms
subclavian artery
medial forearm artery
ulnar artery
two arteries at the base of the brain
vertebral artery
branch of celiac trunk that goes to spleen
splenic artery
hemostasis
process that prevents hemorrhage (bleeding)
3 steps of hemostasis
- vascular spasm
- platelet plug formation
- blood clotting
vascular spasm (step #, what is it, effect)
first step in hemostasis
- chemical signals released by damaged smooth muscle/activated platelets OR reflexes initiated by pain receptors, lead to spasm of smooth muscle
- this stems bleeding until other mechanisms activate
platelet plug formation (step #, what is it, effect)
second step of hemostasis
3 steps
- platelet adhesion - platelets stick to injury
- platelet activation - release granules which leads to vasoconstriction and ADP release
- ADP release makes platelets sticky, they clump and form a platelet plug
blood clot formation (step #, what is it, effect)
third step of hemostasis
- blood clot = platelet plug + insoluble protein fibres
- coagulation - process of blood clot formation
- requires clotting factors like calcium
- two pathways - extrinsic, intrinsic
if clots for too easily, can lead to
thrombosis
when clots block small vessels
embolism
