L1.2 non-modifiable risk factors for cancer Flashcards
what is a risk factor
something that raises your risk of getting a disease .
what are protective factors?
activities that lower risk of cancer such as wearing sunscreen
what is incidence for cancer
estimates how many people will be diagnosed with cancer
what is prevalence for cancer
estimates the number of newly diagnosed with cancer
what is mortality for cancer
shows the number of people who die from cancer during a specific time period.
what are unmodifiable intrinsic risk factors
mutations that arise because of DNA replication errors. These are unavoidable
what is non-intrinsic risk
refers to exogenous factors such as carcinogens and endogenous factors such as metabolism
examples of non-modifiable factors
age, race, sex, family history, genetics
what are the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes
important genes that stop our cells dividing out of control. inheriting a faulty gene leads to increased risk of bread, ovarian and prostate cancer
