human impacts of extreme events Flashcards
provide examples for natural and man-made extreme events
natural: disease outbreaks and epidemics, extreme weather events
man-made: accidents and incidents, crises, pollution, riots and conflicts, terroist attacks
what is the difference between natural and man-made extreme events
natural are natural processes of the earth such as earthquakes, they can be exacerbated by human-driven processes. Whereas man-made are caused by human-beings or man-made processes such as a plane crash, they can be amplified by natural forces
how can you classify extreme events
by definition, characteristic, factor
what is the difference between a hazard and a risk
a hazard is anything that can cause harm whereas a risk is the chance that the hazard will cause harm.
what are variables are determinants of adaption capacity and what variables are actual adaptation actions
actual: call emergency number, infrastructure works, risk-hazard and vulnerability assessment.
determinants: age, gender, lack of education, medical conditions, social networks electricity, poor water sanitation
why are LMIC countries highly affected to extreme events
- limited adaptation capacity
- high risk regions
- marginalised communities living on the edge
what is adaptation capacity
relates to the capacity of systems, institutions, humans and other organisms to adjust to potential damage
what are the four types of tsunamis
falling meteors mega tsunami
earthquake
erosion
volcano
what were the impacts of the 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami
30,000 deaths (just remember there was a lot)
1.5 million people were displaced
cholera outbreak
14 billion pound worth of aid was donated
what are the consequences of a nuclear disasters
produces an intense pulse of heat, light, air pressure and radiation. Radioactive materials can also be carried by the wind
what were/are the impacts of the Chernobyl disaster
6,000 children developed thyroid cancer
exclusion zone
not habitable for 20,000 years
affected the whole of Europe
what is the difference between voluntary and forced migration
voluntary is when a migrant makes the decision to move whereas forced migration the mover has no role in the decision making process such as slavery
what is an internally displaced person
a person who is forced to leave their home but remain within their countries borders to avoid armed contact for example
what are the impacts of the South Sudan civil war
400,000 people killed
attacks of civilian centers
high levels of starvation
