impact of drugs and pain on sleep Flashcards

1
Q

what is nociceptive pain and neuropathic pain

A

nociceptive pain is caused by tissue damage, generally time-limited whereas neuropathic pain is caused by damage to the neurones and it is chronic

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2
Q

what pathway is important in modulating pain perception

A

descending inhibitory pathway

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3
Q

what are the type of sensory nerves which receives stimuli

A

A delta fibres which are fast and myelinated

C fibres which are slow and unmeylinated

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4
Q

what is pain

A

unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage

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5
Q

what is pain influenced by

A

previous experience, beliefs, environment, psychological factor, social factors

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6
Q

Pain can be classified as…

A

acute, chronic, acute on chronic

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7
Q

what is acute pain

A

less than 6 weeks duration, often protective in response to stimuli, responds well to treatment

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8
Q

what is chronic pain

A

persists or recur for 3> months, difficult to treat, can represent
nerve problems

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9
Q

what are examples chronic secondary pain

A
  • underlying disease for which pain is a symptom
  • cancer pain
  • neuropathic pain
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10
Q

what are yellow flags

A

people who are at an increased risk of developing chronicity or poor prognosis. This could be due to:

  1. beliefs and judgement
  2. emotional responses (worry and fear)
  3. pain behaviour: avoiding the pain
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11
Q

what is analgesia

A

type of pain medication can be used in opioid

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12
Q

what is an example of a simple analgesics

A

paracetamol

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13
Q

what are examples of strong and weak opioid analgesics

A

weak opioids: codeine

strong opioids: morphine

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14
Q

when is anti-depressant medication prescribed

A

for analgesic effects for neuropathic pain

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15
Q

what is the function of anti-epileptic medication?

what are the mechanisms of the two types of medication used?

A

reduces neuronal activity

gabapentin: blocks voltage-dependent ca2+ channels which decreases hyperactivity
carbamazepine: blocks voltage-dependent NA+ channels which decreases neuronal activity

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16
Q

sleep disturbance can increase

A
  1. fatigue, lethargy
  2. increase road and work accidents
  3. substance abuse
  4. memory problems
17
Q

what type of directional association is sleep and pain

A

bidirectional

18
Q

what are examples of non-pharmacological management

A
  1. psychological techniques

2. lifestyle modification