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HISTORY IGCSE > Korean war and what led up to it (before 1945 AND 1950-53) > Flashcards

Korean war and what led up to it (before 1945 AND 1950-53) Flashcards

1
Q

was China a communist country at that time

A

yes

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2
Q

by the lat 1800s, who was gaining economic and military dominance in China

A

Britain and Europe

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3
Q

how did Europe having a strong dominance on China make japan feel

A

made them worried that they would be next

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4
Q

what did Japan decide to do in 1868

A

create an empire to be safe from Europe and China

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5
Q

when did Japan attack korea

A

1894

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6
Q

why did Japan invade Korea in 1894 (2)

A
  • Korea was seen as a vital area for Japan’s security and economic expansion.
  • Korea had traditionally been a tributary state of China under the Qing Dynasty and Japan wanted to weaken Chinese influence and establish itself as the dominant power in East Asia.
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7
Q

how was Korea under Japanese rule

A

Japan became powerful whilst Korea was in misery

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8
Q

examples of what Japan did to Korea and its culture (5)

A
  • removed the language and culture
  • korean newspapers banned and replaced
  • korean artifacts were brought into museums
  • koreans who protested were harshly punished
  • korean women were seen as sex slaves for Japanese soldiers
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9
Q

what did the koreans think of the japanese

A

They hated them

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10
Q

what were japan and China facing in 1927-1945

A

conflict with each other (The Second Sino-Japanese War)

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11
Q

during the conflict between japan and china, what were the cold war leaders doing

A

meeting at yalta and potsdam

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12
Q

when was japans infuence in Korea removed and why

A

1945 due to Hiroshima (Japan surrendered)

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13
Q

what happened to Korea when Japan left

A

it was split into north and south

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14
Q

who was the leader of North Korea after 1945, and why him

A

Kim Sung and he was selected by Stalin because he had been nationalist the whole time he was under Japanese rule and had fought with the USSR against Japan in 1945

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15
Q

which part of korea had a dictator

A

North

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16
Q

who was the leader of South korea after 1945

A

Syngman Rhee

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17
Q

which country liked Rhee and why

A

the USA because Rhee was anti communist (also anti-japanese)

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18
Q

by what years did S&N Korea have leaders

A

1950, both sides had leaders

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19
Q

when did Rhee win elections

A

by 1948

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20
Q

Rhees aims

A

unite Korea and make it capitalist and contain communism

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21
Q

was Rhee succesfull with his aims

A

yes as he managed to keep south korea from being communist BUT wasn’t able to turn whole Korea capitalist

22
Q

why do the USA include South Korea in their sphere of influence

A

to make sure they don’t get attacked again and so that they can help with containing communism

23
Q

Stalins Aims

A

To avoid war with the USA during the korean war (soviets tried to limit their involvement as much as possible)
AND expansion of communist sphere of influence

24
Q

was stalin able to achieve his aims

A

he was able to establish a communist influence in North Korea

25
Q

Mao was leader of

A

China

26
Q

Mao’s aims (2)

A
  • didn’t want a US friendly country on their border + wanted to show they were dangerous + powerful
  • wanted national security
27
Q

was MAO succesfull with his aims

A

yes because he elimentaed the existential threat and shows they’re powerful by invading south korea

28
Q

KIM SUNG aims

A

unite Korea and spread communism under his rule

29
Q

was Kim Sung succesfull with his aims

A

not really as in the end he got back to where he started BUT had guaranteed control of North Korea + closer relations with China + USSR

30
Q

Trumans Aims

A

rollback communism as well as contain it

31
Q

was Truman sucessfull in his aims

A

not with rollback but YES with containment

32
Q

Eisenhower aims

A

wanted to end the war

33
Q

was Eisenhower sucessfull

A

yes because Stalin died and so USSR began to be more careful.

When he added South Korea to their defense perimeter, the USA made sure not to have a hostile country next to Japan (which was communist) which was crucial and an advantage

34
Q

why was it beneficial to the USA to add South Korea to their defense perimeter

A

When he added South Korea to their defense perimeter, the USA made sure not to have a hostile country next to Japan (which was communist) which was crucial and an advantage

35
Q

Truman was president until

A

1953, then Eisenhower took over

36
Q

what happened in July 1950

A

Kim Sung invaded South Korea (because he wanted to turn it communist)

37
Q

why did Kim Sung invade South Korea in 1950

A

he wanted to unite Korea and make it communist

38
Q

what happened by september Kim Sung invaded South Korea in 1950

A

by september, he had taken up almost all of South Korea, including the capital Seul and is when the US decided to send 600,000 to support South Korea

39
Q

how many people did the USA send to help South Korea in september 1950

A

600,000

40
Q

who sent forces in to help South Korea

A

the UN (led by the USA)

41
Q

What were the UN troops able to do, and how long did it take them

A

within a few weeks they were able to push the North Korean army back to the 38th parallel

42
Q

once they pushed North Korean troops back to the 38th parallel , what did the UN forces do

A

Truman and his military general continued attacking & pushed NK back to almost the Chinese border

43
Q

by October 1950, how far back did the USA push back North Korea

A

back to nearly the chinese border

44
Q

when did China enter the war and why

A

in October 1950, because they were worried about how far the UN had pushed back North korea, and were scared they would continue into China (bcs china was communist)

45
Q

over the course of the war, how many troops did China send in aid of North Korea

A

over 1.5 million

46
Q

when did the fighting end and why

A

1953

  • Stalin died
  • truman no longer president
  • General Macarthur had been replaced
47
Q

who was general Macarthur

A

USA military general in charge during the war

48
Q

How did the fighting end

A

armistice was signed

49
Q

how was the border between South korea and North Korea by the end of the war

A

virtually the same as when it started

50
Q

war was from what to year until which year

A

1950 (july)-1953

51
Q

why was America being involved in the war beneficial to stalin

A

because it took america’s resources and money (huge amounts) put aside into Korean war and it also takes their attention off of Europe so Stalin can consolidate his control and power and grip of Eastern Europe

HISTORY IGCSE (56 decks)

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