Ketosis

Question 1

What are the 3 ways metabolic homeostasis is achieved?

Answer 1

Question 2

Which tissues are dependent on glycolysis for all/most of their energy needs?

Answer 2

brain
RBCs
lens of eye
kidney medulla
exercising skeletal muscle

Question 3

How does release of insulin counterregulatory hormones occur?

Answer 3

hypoglycaemia is one of the stress signals that stimulates release of cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine
ACTH is released from pituitary => release of cortisol from adrenal cortex when hypothalamic regulatory centre detects low blood glucose
When hypothalamic regulatory centre detects low blood glucose => release of epinephrine from adrenal medulla and norepinephrine from nerve endings

Question 4

What is the impact of stress on metabolism

Answer 4

SNS => epinephrine and norepinephrine release:
- promotes release of glucagon from pancreas
- promotes binding of glucagon to liver cells to stimulate glycogen breakdown
- promotes glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes
- binds to muscle cell receptors => glycolysis
- activates hormone sensitive lipase => mobilises fatty acids for use as fuel