Formative qs Flashcards
Coenurus cerebralis typically found in the brain of sheep and cattle is the intermediate stage of what parasite?
taenia multiceps
Regurgitation is typically a sign of disease affecting which organ?
oesophagus
Primary contractions of the rumen-reticulum are stimulated by impulses transmitted via which nerve?
vagus
Deficiency of which vitamin can cause neurological signs such as blindless, isolation, wandering and periodic backwards flexion of the neck in sheep.
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
which vitamin has a metabolic role with calcum and phosphorus
Vit c
This vitamin is interrelated with selenium
vit E
This vitamin is manufactured by the rumen microbes, from cobalt.
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin)
which mineral is an Important constituent of antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidise.
Selenium
Which mineral Can impact copper balance significantly in ruminants.
molybdenum
What is a product of glucose metabolism only under anaerobic conditions.
Lactate
what Can be tested in the blood of cattle to indicate the presence of ketosis
beta-hydroxy butyrate
Which cell type migrates in response to bacteria in the periodontal pocket, and is found in high numbers in the crevicular fluid during periodontal disease?
neutrophils
What is the infective stage of Eimeria parasites?
Sporocyst
What do humans inadvertently ingest which results in a hydatid (Echinococcus) cyst infection?
Food or water contaminated with Echinococcus eggs.
Where does microbial digestion take place in the gastro-intestinal tract of the horse?
In the caecum and colon
What is the mechanism of citrate when added to an oral rehydration fluid containing glucose?
Drives the sodium/glucose symporter in the mucosal cells
The Tuberculin Skin Test detects which type of hypersensitivity reaction in cattle?
type 4
What is the lifecycle of Trichonstrongylus species in sheep?
A direct lifecycle and a pre-patent period of 16-21 days
What is the most appropriate diagnostic technique for the detection of Cryptosporidium parvum in snake faeces?
Faecal smear and staining with acid-fast stain
What is the most appropriate timing and volume of colostrum feeding in newborn calves (bodyweight 40kg)?
Feeding 4L of colostrum within the first 6 hours of life
.
How does ruminant saliva differ from saliva produced by other species?
It has higher pH and higher concentrations of phosphate
What stomach cell type Releases histamine for paracrine activity
Enterochromaffin like cells (ECL)
Hydrogen and chloride ions are transported independently from this cell into the stomach lumen
Parietal cells
Which stomach cell Releases somatostatin
D (delta) cells
Which stomach cell Secretes a viscous HCO3- mucus to balance the acidic environment
Surface epithelial cells
What nematode is known as the Barber’s pole worm?
haemonchus contortus
Which parasite lays eggs on the legs of a horse, is ingested via grooming and the migrated L3 attach to the mucosa along the margo plicatus?
Gasterophilus
A farmer has asked you to visit as her group of 7 week old, recently weaned lambs are in very poor condition and 4 have died suddenly. It is June, and the remaining lambs have watery diarrhoea and are losing weight quickly.
What parasite is most likely to be affecting these lambs?
Nematodirus Battus
What is coated on the IgA molecule to protect it from secretary lumen enzymes?
Secretary Component
In the cow, where are the majority of ketone bodies produced
Liver
Acute inflammation is initiated by
Macrophages
What inflammatory chemicals dilate blood vessals
Cytokines
Phase 1,2 and 3 of inflammation is the build up of
1 - plasma fluid
2 - neutrophils
3 - monocytes
At tupping, what is the most appropriate body condition score for a ewe?
2.5
The process of cycling lactate and glucose between peripheral tissues and liver under anaerobic conditions is know as
the cori cycle
The middle and caudal arteries of the rectum are supplied by which artery?
Internal pudendal
Where are anal sacs positioned in the dog and cat in relation to the anus?
2 o’clock and 10 o’clock position
Label the section of the liver
