Kaplan Biology: Chapter 9 The Digestive System

Question 1

ADH acts on the ___ ____

Answer 1

collecting duct

Question 2

aldosteron acts on the ___ ___

Answer 2

distal tubule

Question 3

hunger is regulated by ___ and ____ hormones

Answer 3

glucagon and grehlin hormones

Question 4

satiety is regulated by ___ hormone, which is secreted by ____ ___, as well as _____, which is produced in the ____

Answer 4

satiety is regulated by LEPTIN hormone, which is secreted by ADIPOSE TISSUE, as well as CCK, which is produced in the DUODENUM

Question 5

from the lumen side to the deepst portion of the gastric pit, what cells are found?

Answer 5

1) mucous cells: secretes mucous
2) parietal cells: secretes HCl and IF
3) chief cells: secretes pepsinogen
4) G cells: secretes gastrin, which increases HCl secretion.

Question 6

role of D cells in pancreas

Answer 6

secretes somatostatin, which inhibit alpha and beta cells of the pancreas to stop producing insulin and glucagon. Also acts on G cells to stop promoting the release of HCl from parietal cells.

Question 7

5 main secretions of the duodenum?

Answer 7

1) Dissaccharidases (ex/ sucrase)
2) enteropeptidases: ACTIVATES ZYMOGEN
3) peptidases on the brushboarder (ex/ trypsin)
4) secretin : stimulates the release of pancreatic juice from the acinar cells: made of bicarbonate and lipase, trypsinogen, pancreatic lipase etc.

5) Cholecystokinin: stimulates BILE release from the gall bladder in response to fat ingestion. Instigates SATIETY.

Question 8

role of cholecystokinin

Answer 8

stimulates BILE release from the gall bladder in response to fat ingestion. Instigates SATIETY.

Question 9

role of secretin

Answer 9

stimulates the release of pancreatic juice from the acinar cells: made of bicarbonate and lipase, trypsinogen, pancreatic lipase etc.

produced by duodenum

Question 10

role of enteropeptidases

Answer 10

produced by duodenum and activates zymogens that were produced by the pancreas. ex/ pancreas dumps in a bunch of trypsinogen, and then the enteropeptidases cleaves it to trypsin

Question 11

role of acinar cells

Answer 11

makes pancreatic juice which contains bicarbonate, pancreatic amylase, peptidases and lipases.

Question 12

which organ produces bile

Answer 12

liver

Question 13

bacteria in which organ produces biotin and vitamin K

Answer 13

large intestine