K+ sparing diuretics

Question 1

What are the major classes of K+-sparing diuretics?

Answer 1

K+-sparing diuretics act at collecting duct🡪either block aldosterone receptor (which blocks K+ secretion and H+ secretion into urine) (aldosterone and epleronone) OR block Na+ channels (and decreased Na+ reabsorption means decreased K+ excretion): (amiloride and triameterene)

Question 2

Major side effects?

Answer 2

Possible Side effects:
hyperkalemia🡪can cause arrthymia
gynecomastia