Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Question 1

What are Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors? MOA?

Answer 1

• lock HCO3- reabsorption (by blocking carbonic anhydrase action) in PCT, so be used with loop diuretics to decrease risk of metabolic alkalosis🡪increase HCO3- excretion and decrease serum and total body store [HCO3-] (base)
• also used to treat respiratory alkalosis that occur with hyperventilaton at high altitudes; glaucoma; metabolic alklosis; idiopathic intracranial HTN

Question 2

Risks?

Answer 2

Type 2 (PCT) renal tubular acidosis

Hypokalemia

Alkalinizes urine, so can result in calcium phosphate stones, b/c they are insoluble at basic pH