Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy & Physiology - Kuntzman > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

List the 3 structural classification of Joints

A
  1. Fiberous
  2. Cartilaginous
  3. synovial
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the three functional classification of joints

A
  1. Synarthrosis
  2. Ampiarthrosis
  3. Diarthrosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fibrous joints

A

bones held together by dense collagen fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cartilaginous joints

A

bones held together by cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Synovial joints

A

bones held together by ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Synarthrosis

A

an immovable joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

a slightly movable joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Diarthrosis

A

a freely movable joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three types of fibrous joints

A
  1. Sutures
  2. Syndesmoses
  3. Gomphoses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some distinguishing features of Fibrous Joints

A
  • Lack a synovial cavity
  • The articulating bones are held very closely together by dense irregular connective tissue
  • Fibrous joints permit little or no movement
  • For example: coronal suture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of the type of Fibrous joint which charaterizes these features:

  • Immovable joint
  • Occur only between the skull bones
A

sutures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the name of the type of Fibrous Joint which charaterizes these features:

  • Permits slight movement
  • Interosseous membrane
  • Between the tibia and fibula in the leg
A

Syndesmoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the name of the type of Fiberous Joint which charaterizes these features:

  • Immovable joint
  • Joint in which a cone-shaped peg fits into a cup shaped socket
  • Articulations of the teeth with the sockets of the maxillae and mandible
A

Gomphoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the 2 types of cartilaginous joints

A
  1. Synchondroses
  2. Symphyses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What kind of joint has the following features:

  • Lack a synovial cavity
  • Allow little or no movement
  • The joint is tightly connected by cartilage
A

Cartilaginous Joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Synchondroses

A
  • The Connecting tissue is hyaline cartilage
  • Found in Epiphyseal (growth) plate in bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Symphyses

A
  • Slightly movable joint
  • Ends of the articulating bones are covered with hyaline cartilage, but a disc of fibrocartilage connects the bones
  • Pubic Symphysis is between the anterior surfaces of the hip bones
  • Also found in the intervertebral joints between the vertebrae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What kind of joint has the following features

  • Slightly movable joint
  • Ends of the articulating bones are covered with hyaline cartilage, but a disc of fibrocartilage connects the bones
  • Pubic Symphysis is between the anterior surfaces of the hip bones
  • Also found in the intervertebral joints between the vertebrae
A

Symphyses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What kind of joint displays the following features:

  • The Connecting tissue is hyaline cartilage
  • Found in Epiphyseal (growth) plate in bones
A

Synchondroses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Synovial Joints

__________ hold bones together for extra support

A

Ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Synovial joints

___________ hold bones together via bone to bone contact

A

Ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_________________ a space allowing a joint to be freely movable

A

Synovial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

___________ hold bones together via bone to muscle contact

A

tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Do you sprain a ligament or a tendon

A

a ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is an articular capsule

A
  • A sleeve-like capsule enclosing the synovial cavity
  • The articular capsule is composed of 2 layers:
    • an outer fibrous capsule
    • an inner synovial membrane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

_____________ is secreted by the synovial membrane lining the capsule

A

synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the 4 functions of synovial fluid

A
  • lubricating the joint
  • absorbing shock
  • supplying oxygen and nutrients to the cartilage
  • removing carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes from the cartilage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
  • Pads of cartilage lie between the articular surfaces of the bones
  • Allows bones of different shapes to fit together more tightly
A

Menisci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q
  • Sac-like structures containing fluid similar to synovial fluid
  • Located between tendons, ligaments and bones
  • Cushion the movement of these body parts
A

Bursae

30
Q
  • Wrap around tendons
  • Reduce friction at joints
A

Tendon Sheaths

31
Q

What are the four main categories of movement

A
  1. Gliding
  2. Angular movements
  3. Rotation
  4. Special movements
32
Q

Gliding

A
  • Simple movement back-and-forth and from side-to-side
  • There is no significant alteration of the angle between the bones
  • Limited in range
  • Intercarpal joints
33
Q

___________:

  • Decreases the angle between articulating bones
  • Bending the trunk forward
A

Flexion

34
Q

_____________:

  • Increases the angle between articulating bones
A

Extention

35
Q

_____________ is movement of the trunk sideways to the right or left at the waist

A

Lateral flexion

36
Q

____________:

  • Continuation of extension beyond the normal extension
  • Bending the trunk backward
A

Hyperextension

37
Q

_____________:

  • Movement of a bone away from the midline
  • Moving the humerus laterally at the shoulder joint
A

Abduction

38
Q

_______________:

  • Movement of a bone toward the midline
A
39
Q

______________:

  • Movement of a body part in a circle
  • Moving the humerus in a circle at the shoulder joint
A

Circumduction

40
Q

_______________:

  • A bone revolves around its own longitudinal axis
  • Turning the head from side to side as when you shake your head “no”
A

Rotation

41
Q

______________:

  • Upward movement of a part of the body
  • Closing the mouth
A

Elevation

42
Q

______________:

  • Downward movement of a part of the body
  • Opening the mouth
A

Depression

43
Q

_______________:

  • Movement of a part of the body anteriorly
  • Thrusting the mandible outward
A

Protraction

44
Q

Movement of a protracted part of the body back to normal

A

Retraction

45
Q

____________:

  • Movement of the foot medially
  • (Its opposing movement is eversion)
A

Inversion

46
Q

Movement of the sole laterally

A

Eversion

47
Q

Bending of the foot at the ankle in an upward direction

A

Dorsiflexion

48
Q

Bending of the foot at the ankle in a downward direction

A

Plantar Flexion

49
Q

Movement of the forearm so that the palm is turned upward

A

Supination

50
Q

Movement of the forearm so that the palm is turned downward

A

Pronation

51
Q

Movement of the thumb in which the thumb moves across the palm to touch the tips of the fingers on the same hand

A

Opposition

52
Q

Synovial joints are classified based on type of movement

list the 6

A
  1. Planar (Plane Joints)
  2. Hinge
  3. Pivot
  4. Condyloid
  5. Saddle
  6. Ball-and-socket
53
Q

Planar Joints

A

Primarily permit back-and-forth and side-to-side movements

Intercarpal joints

54
Q

Hinge Joints

A
  • Produce an opening and closing motion like that of a hinged door
  • Permit only flexion and extension
  • Knee and elbow
55
Q

Pivot Joints

A

Surface of one bone articulates with a ring formed partly by another bone

Joints that enable the palms to turn anteriorly and posteriorly

56
Q

Condyloid Joints

A
  • The projection of one bone fits into the oval-shaped depression of another bone
  • Wrist
57
Q

Saddle Joints

A
  • Articular surface of one bone is saddle-shaped, and the articular surface of the other bone fits into the “saddle”
  • Thumb
58
Q

Ball-and-Socket Joints

A
  • Ball-like surface of one bone fitting into a cuplike depression of another bone
  • Shoulder and hip
59
Q

What factors affect range of motion

A
  • Shape of articulating bones
  • Strength & Tension of joint ligaments
  • arrangement & tension of muscles
  • contact of soft spots
  • hormones
  • disuse
60
Q

______________ joint is the combined hinge and planar joint formed by the mandible and the temporal bone

A

Temporomandibular Joint

61
Q

Which joint has more freedom of movement than any other point of the body

A

Shoulder joint

62
Q

What is the largest and most complex joint in the body

A

Knee joint

a modified hinge joint

63
Q

Elbow joint, made up of what

and what kind of joint

A

of the Humerous, Ulna & Radius

Hinge joint

64
Q

What may the result of age be on the joints

A
  • decreased synovial fluid
  • articular cartilage = thineer
  • discs and muscle may decrease in water content
  • ligamients shorten and loos some of their flexibility
  • osteoarthritis increase with age
65
Q

What are the movements which the spine is capible of

A
  • Right & left side flexion
  • flexion
  • extention
  • lateral flexion
66
Q

What are the movements of the shoulder, specifically the humeral-gleno joint

A
  • abduction
  • adduction
  • flexion
  • extention
  • internal rotation
  • external rotation

@ 90 degrees:

  • internal rotation
  • external rotation
  • horzontal adduction
  • horizontal abduction
  • circumduction
67
Q

What are the movement capacities of the elbow

A

flexion

extention

supranation

pronation

68
Q

What are the wrists opportunity of movement

A

flexion

extention

abduction

adduction

or ulneréradial deviation

69
Q

Phalanges opportunity of movement

A

fexion

extention

abduction

adduction

Thumb = opposition

70
Q

Femur opportunity of movement

A

flexion

extention

circumductin

adduction

abduction

internal rotation

71
Q

Movement opportunites of knee

A

flexion

extention

internal rotation

external rotation

72
Q

Ankle movement

A

dorsiflection

plantar flexion

inversion

eversion

circumduction

Anatomy & Physiology - Kuntzman (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions