intro to immune system Flashcards
types of immunity
innate
adaptive
where are leukocytes derived from
haemocytoblasts
what control the pathway the cell differentiated to
colony stimulating factors
name all the WBCs
neutrophils basophils esinophils moncytes lympocytes
name mononuclear leukocytes
moncyte
T cells
B cells
where do cells differentiate
bone marrow
what do neutrophils do
express receptors for antibodies and complment
kill microbes by secreting toxic substances
what do esinopils do
granules have major basic protein which activates neutrophils
what do basophils do
express IgE
involved in allergic reactions
what do monocytes do in tissues
differentiate into macrophages
where do T cells mature
Thymus
where are mast cells found and involved in
tissues
allergic reactions
where are natural killer cells found and involved in
spleen/tissues
viral infected cells
dendritic cells site
reside in skin migrate to lymph nodes once activates
soluble factors
complment
antibodies
cytokines
chemokines
what are complement and what do they do
inactive serum proteins
direct lysis
coat invading organisms
what do antibodies/immunoglobulins do
bind to antigens
types of cytokines
interferons interleukins colony stimulating factors chemokines tumour necrosis factors
what do chemokines do
direct leukocyte movement from blood to tissues
what do tumour nercrosis factors do
mediate inflammation and cytotoxic reactions
what do CSF do
direct differentiation of bone marrow stem cells
what do inerkuekins do
pro or anti-inflammatory
dive cell division/differentiation
what do interferons do
stop viral spread
activate T cells
regions of immuoglobulin
Fab
Fc
describe Fab regions
head regions
hyper varible
Fc regions
constant tail region
how can an antibody link microbe and phagocyte
WBC has a Fc receptor
AB binds via Fc
AB binds to forge in by Fab region
IgG image
Y shape
IgM
pentamer i.e. a pentagon
or monomeric form (mIgM)
where is IgM mainly found
blood
IgA
dimer
mainly a monomer in blood until it crosses cells
what is the secreted form of IgA always
dimer
IgD
usually membrane found form
what is IgE bound to
mast cells or basophils
what is inflammation
series of reactions that brings cells and molecules of the immune system to sites of infection or damage
hallmarks of inflammation
increased blood supplu
increased vascular permability
movement of leukocytes from circualtionto tissues
types of inflammation
acute
chronic
what is acute inflammation
complete elimination pathogen followed by resolution of damage, disappearance of leukocytes and full regeneration of tissue
