autonomic nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

subdivisons of the autonomic NS

A

parasympathetic and sympathetic

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2
Q

how many neurones are used in the para/symapthetic system

A

2 pre and post ganglionic fibre

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3
Q

anatomy of the PSNS

A

long preganglionic neruoens
ganglia in or near target organs
short post ganglionic neurones

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4
Q

anatomy of the SNS

A

short preganlionic neurones
ganglia near to SC forming the sympathetic chain
long post ganglionic neruones

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5
Q

neurotransmitters of PSNS

A

Ach

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6
Q

receptors of PSNS

A

nicotinic (ganglion)

muscarinic (target organ)

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7
Q

neurotransmittors of SNS

A

Ach

Noradrenaline

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8
Q

receptors of SNS

A

nicotinic (ganglion)

adrenergic (target organ)

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9
Q

anatomical differences

PSNS

A

cell bodies of preganglionic PS in brainstem and sacral spinal cord
leave CNS via CN 3,7,9,10
or leave via sacral nerves

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10
Q

where does PSNS synapse

A

within parasympathetic ganglia that lie close to target

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11
Q

anatomy of the SNS (preganglionic)

A

cell bodies found in the lateral horn of thoracic SC

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12
Q

where does the SNS synapse

A

synapse at ganglia with the post ganglionic neurones forming sympathetic chains either side of SC

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13
Q

where are post ganglionic parasympathetic ganglia foundn

A

close/in target organs

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14
Q

where are post ganglionic sympathetic neurones

A

distant from target

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15
Q

where do axons of neurones run to reach targets in the sympathetic NC

A

run along arteries or rejoin spinal nerves

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16
Q

effects of the systems on the skin

A
sym
constricts blood vessels
stimulate sweat secretion
hair erection
para
no supply
17
Q

effect on the eye of systems

A
sym
pupil dilation
inhibit lacrimal gland secretion
para
pupil constriction
contract lens
18
Q

effect on respiratory system

A

sym
dilate bronchi and pulmonary blood vessels
para
constrict bronchi and blood vessels to normal diameter

19
Q

effects on gastrointestinal tract

A

sym
inhibit secretion motility and constricts blood vessels
para
stimulates secretion motility

20
Q

effect on CV system

A
sym
increase in HR
dilates vessels in muscles
constrict vessels in skin
para
decrease HR
21
Q

what part of the SC contributes to the sympathetic

A

thoracic and lumbar

22
Q

what part of the SC contributes to parasympathetic

A

sacral cord and cranial

23
Q

which ganglion in the SNS innervates the head and neck

A

superior cervical ganglion

24
Q

parasympathetic supply to the head and neck

A

1) Ciliary
2) Pterygopalatine
3) Otic
4) Submandibular
GRT
ophthalmic
maxilallary
mandibular
(via trigeminal branches)