autonomic nervous system Flashcards
subdivisons of the autonomic NS
parasympathetic and sympathetic
how many neurones are used in the para/symapthetic system
2 pre and post ganglionic fibre
anatomy of the PSNS
long preganglionic neruoens
ganglia in or near target organs
short post ganglionic neurones
anatomy of the SNS
short preganlionic neurones
ganglia near to SC forming the sympathetic chain
long post ganglionic neruones
neurotransmitters of PSNS
Ach
receptors of PSNS
nicotinic (ganglion)
muscarinic (target organ)
neurotransmittors of SNS
Ach
Noradrenaline
receptors of SNS
nicotinic (ganglion)
adrenergic (target organ)
anatomical differences
PSNS
cell bodies of preganglionic PS in brainstem and sacral spinal cord
leave CNS via CN 3,7,9,10
or leave via sacral nerves
where does PSNS synapse
within parasympathetic ganglia that lie close to target
anatomy of the SNS (preganglionic)
cell bodies found in the lateral horn of thoracic SC
where does the SNS synapse
synapse at ganglia with the post ganglionic neurones forming sympathetic chains either side of SC
where are post ganglionic parasympathetic ganglia foundn
close/in target organs
where are post ganglionic sympathetic neurones
distant from target
where do axons of neurones run to reach targets in the sympathetic NC
run along arteries or rejoin spinal nerves
effects of the systems on the skin
sym constricts blood vessels stimulate sweat secretion hair erection para no supply
effect on the eye of systems
sym pupil dilation inhibit lacrimal gland secretion para pupil constriction contract lens
effect on respiratory system
sym
dilate bronchi and pulmonary blood vessels
para
constrict bronchi and blood vessels to normal diameter
effects on gastrointestinal tract
sym
inhibit secretion motility and constricts blood vessels
para
stimulates secretion motility
effect on CV system
sym increase in HR dilates vessels in muscles constrict vessels in skin para decrease HR
what part of the SC contributes to the sympathetic
thoracic and lumbar
what part of the SC contributes to parasympathetic
sacral cord and cranial
which ganglion in the SNS innervates the head and neck
superior cervical ganglion
parasympathetic supply to the head and neck
1) Ciliary
2) Pterygopalatine
3) Otic
4) Submandibular
GRT
ophthalmic
maxilallary
mandibular
(via trigeminal branches)
