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nabard agri > Intro to Agri 2 > Flashcards

Intro to Agri 2 Flashcards

ACZ, Factors affecting crop growth and yield, cropping pattern & system

1
Q

What are the factors affecting Agriculture?

A

Environmental Factors: SBCPE
- Socio-economic factor
- Biotic Factor
- Climatic/Abiotic Factor
- Physiological Factor
- Edaphic Factor
Internal Factors
- Genetic Factors
- Hereditary

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2
Q

According to census 2011, % of small and marginal farmers?

A

Small & Marginal Farmers: 85%
Marginal: 67%
Small: 18%

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3
Q

What are biotic factors?

A

Flora and Fauna

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4
Q

What are the Climatic Conditions affecting agriculture?

A

HTP-SAW
Humidity, Temp, Precipitation
Solar Radiation, Atmospheric Gas, Wind Velocity

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5
Q

Relative Humidity for crops?

A

40-60%

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6
Q

Optimum Temperature for most agri crops

A

15-40 degree

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7
Q

Minimum, Optimum, Maximum temp of Rice, Wheat, Maize and Sorghum

A

Rice, Wheat, Maize, Sorghum
Min: 10 , 4 , 8 , 12
Opt: 32 , 20 , 20 , 25
Max: 36 , 30 , 40 , 40

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8
Q

What is cardinal temperature?

A

The Max, Min and optimum temperature of individual plants

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9
Q

According to IMD, A rainy day is classified as?

A

2.5mm or more rainfall

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10
Q

Average rainfall in India?

A

125cm
75% of it is received from June-Sept

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11
Q

Amount of precipitation to classify an area as dry?

A

0-750mm

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12
Q

Precipitation to classify an area as receiving medium rainfall?

A

750-1150mm - Highest area in India (42%)
1150-2000mm

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13
Q

Amount of precipitation to classify an area as receiving high rainfall?

A

> 2000 mm

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14
Q

What is Photoperiodism?

A

Response of plant to day length
LIGHT duration dependence

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15
Q

What is Vernalisation?

A

Response of flowers to low temperature

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16
Q

Plants that require <12 hrs of sunlight

A

Short Day Plant
Rice, Cotton, Sunflower

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17
Q

Plants that require >12 hours of sunlight?

A

Long Day Plant
Barley, Oat (avena sativa), Carrot, Cabbage

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18
Q

Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR): Radiation at which photosynthesis takes place is?

A

600-700 nm or 0.4-0.7 meu meter

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19
Q

Optimum Wind velocity for plants?

A

4-6km/hr

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20
Q

Which gas is most abundantly available in our atmosphere?

A

Nitogen (78%)
Followed by Oxygen at 20.95%

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21
Q

Amount of CO2 in our atmosphere?

A

0.03%

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22
Q

What are some physiographic factors affecting agriculture?

A

Topography
Altitude
Steepness of slope

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23
Q

Highest zone in a hilly area is?

A

Nival Zone

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24
Q

What are Edaphic Factors?

A

Soil related factors affecting plant growth

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25
Q

Range of Plant Available Water?

A

1/3 to -15 atm

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26
Q

Water going down due to gravity. Not available to plant’s root

A

Gravitational Water

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27
Q

Amount of moisture retained by the soil after a few days of being wetted and drainage has ceased

A

Field Capacity or
Capillary Water

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28
Q

Range of Field Capacity

A

-1/3 to -31 atm
PWP at -15 atm

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29
Q

The water point in soil, when most plants start to wilt - they die

A

Permanent Wilting Point
Beyond -15 bar

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30
Q

Water absorbed from atmosphere by soil particles that’s unavailable to plants

A

Hygroscopic
Beyond PWP

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31
Q

Azotobacter, Beijerinka, Clostridium, Klebsiella, Anabaena, Nostoc are examples of what kind of soil organism?

A

Free - Living

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32
Q

Rhizobium, Frrankia, Anabaena Azollae are what kind of soil organism?

A

Symbiotic

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33
Q

Azospirillum is what kind of soil organism?

A

Associative Symbiotic

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34
Q

Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus circulansm Pseudomonas striata are examples of?

A

Solubilizing Biofertiliser (Bact)

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35
Q

Psedomonas Flurescens is what kind of soil organism?

A

Plant Growth promoting

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36
Q

C:N ratio in Humus

A

10:1

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37
Q

% of Mineral, OM, Water, Air in soil

A

M = 45%
OM = 5%
W = 25%
A = 25%

38
Q

Optimum pH range for plants to takeup nutrients

A

6.5-7.5

39
Q

Which kind of soil has low Ca, Mg and Al, Fe, H, Cu

A

Acidic soil
Can be treated with lime

40
Q

Which element is not affected by soil acidity?

A

Potassium

41
Q

A land unit in terms of major climates, suitable for a certain range of crops and cultivars.
Aimed at scientific management of regional resources to meet the food, fiber, fodder and fuel wood requirements without adversely affecting the status of natural resources and environment.

A

Agro-Climatic Zones

42
Q

What are the parameters of Agro-climatic zones according to the Planning Commission?

A

RTTC
Rainfall, Temperature
Topography and Cropping

43
Q

What are the parameters of Agro-climatic zones according to FAO?

A

RTTC & LGP and Climate

44
Q

How many ACZ are there according to ICAR NARP?

A

127 zones

45
Q

hich state has the highest and lowest ACZs according ICAR NARP?

A

MP - 12
Haryana - 2

46
Q

How many ACZs are there according to the Planning Commission?

A

15 zones

47
Q

How many ACZ are there as per NBSS & LUP ?

A

20 zones

48
Q

The National Capital lies in which agroclimatic zone

A

Trans Gangetic Plain
Delhi, Haryana, Punjab

49
Q

The Planning Commission Zones are?

A

Broadly:
1 - Himalayan Region (EW)
2 - Gangetic Plains (UTML)
3 - Plateau Region (CEWS)
4 - Coastal Region (EW)
5 - Others (Is, WD)

50
Q

Which ACZ is popular for Saffron and apple cultivation?

A

Western Himalayan Region

51
Q

Which ACZ witnesses the practice of Shifting Agriculture?

A

Eastern Himalayan Region

52
Q

Which area has the highest crop intensity?

A

Middle Gangetic Region
HCI = 142%

53
Q

Which ACZ has the Highest irrigation intensity and the Highest Net Sown Area (HNSA)?

A

Trans Gangetic Plain

54
Q

Which ACZ under PC has the highest districts?

A

Eastern Plateau Region
Central Plateau Region
57

55
Q

Which ACZ has adopted Tank led irrigation and dryland farming at 81%?

A

Southern Plateau & Hills

56
Q

Which ACZ has the least area but has the highest rainfall?

A

Island Region

57
Q

Which ACZ is popular for Basmati production and using Canal and Tubewell irrigation?

A

Upper Gangetic Plains

58
Q

Which ACZ is popular for cultivation of Boro Rice?

A

Lower Gangetic Plain &
Middle Gangetic Plain

59
Q

How many Agro Ecological Zones are there in India?

A

20

60
Q

Which region in India has the richest alluvial with adequate water?

A

Northern Plains

61
Q

A yearly sequence and spatial arrangement of crops and fallow on a given area

A

Cropping Pattern
Influenced by demand, technology, size of land, rainfall, etc.

62
Q

Minimising the gap between the growth of 1 crop in one season to another season’s crop

A

Intensive Cropping

63
Q

Moong and Maize grown together, is an example of which kind of cropping?

A

Parallel Cropping
0 competition

64
Q

Maize + Green gram planted in a 1:1 row is an example of which kind of cropping?

A

Row Intercropping

65
Q

Groundnut + Red Gram grown in rows of ratio 6:1 is an example of which kind of cropping?

A

Row Intercropping

66
Q

For row intercropping, groundnut and red gram are sown in the ratio?

A

6:1

67
Q

For strip intercropping, groundnut and red gram are sown in the ratio?

A

6:4

68
Q

What is intensive cropping measured by?

A

cropping intensity

69
Q

Multi-storied complex is aka

A

multi-tiered and multi-layered

70
Q

A type of cropping where yield of both crops are higher than their pure culture

A

Synergetic Cropping
Eg: Sugarcane +Potato

71
Q

Hardy or thorny crops surrounding the main crop

A

Guard Crop
Eg: Safflower, Mesta, Jowar

72
Q

Sub-crops that supplement the yeild of the main crop

A

Augmented Crop
Eg: Japanese mustard with berseem
mustard helps berseem get better yield

73
Q

A type of intercropping where there is no direct row arrangement between 2 or more crops

A

Mixed Intercropping
Eg: Sorghum, pearl millet & cowpea - broadcasted

74
Q

2 or more crops grown simultaneously where the 2nd crop is planted when the 1st crop has reached reproductive stage (not harvest)

A

Relay Intercropping

75
Q

Growing 2 or more crops in a sequence in the same field. at different times.

A

Sequential Cropping
Is of 3 types: Double, Triple, Quadruple Sequencing

76
Q

Growing rice in a field followed by cotton in the same field in a year

A

Double cropping

77
Q

Growing Rice:Rice:cotton in the same field, in a year is called?

A

Tripple cropping

78
Q

Growing Tomato: Ridge Gourd: Amaranthus: Baby corn in a sequence in the same field in the same year

A

Quadruple Cropping

79
Q

Cropping patterns on a farm and their interaction with farm resources?

A

Croping System

80
Q

Types of Cropping System:

A
  • Polyculture
  • Monoculture
81
Q

Types of Polyculture:

A

MM-SR
Multiple Cropping
- Intercropping
Mixed Cropping
Sequencial Cropping
Relay Cropping

82
Q

Yearly sequence + Spacial Arrangement + Interaction + enterprise =?

A

Farming system
CS + Enterprise (like Poultry/fisheries)

83
Q

Crop + Fish + Mushroon is what kind of Farming System

A

Wetland Based Farming System

84
Q

Crop + Dairy + Biogas + Mushroom + Sylviculture = ?

A

Garden-land Based Farming System

85
Q

Crop +Goat + Agroforestry = ?

A

Dryl Land Based Farming System

86
Q

What is Gross Cropped Area / Net Cropped Area?

A

Cropping Intensity
Where GCA = Land usedin Kharif + Rabi
NCA = Total arable land available

87
Q

National Research Centre for Pomegrates?

A

Solapur

88
Q

Indian Institute of Vegetable Research?

A

Varanasi

89
Q

WARDA in located in?

A

Ivory Coast
West African Rice Development Association

90
Q

International Institute of Rice Research?

A

Los Banos, Phillipines

91
Q

ICRISAT is located in?

A

Pattancheru, Hyderabad
International Crop Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics

92
Q

Central Institute of Brackish Water?

A

Chennai

nabard agri (9 decks)

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