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NABARD Agri > Intro to Agri 2 > Flashcards

Intro to Agri 2 Flashcards

ACZ, Factors affecting crop growth and yield, cropping pattern & system

1
Q

What are the factors affecting Agriculture?

A

Environmental Factors: SBCPE
- Socio-economic factor
- Biotic Factor
- Climatic/Abiotic Factor
- Physiological Factor
- Edaphic Factor
Internal Factors
- Genetic Factors
- Hereditary

SCOPE - with a BC

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2
Q

According to census 2011, % of small and marginal farmers?

A

Small & Marginal Farmers: 85%
Marginal: 67%
Small: 18%

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3
Q

What are biotic factors?

A

Flora and Fauna

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4
Q

What are the Climatic Conditions affecting agriculture?

A

HTP-SAW
Humidity, Temp, Precipitation
Solar Radiation, Atmospheric Gas, Wind Velocity

CLIMATE SAW through internet HTP

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5
Q

Relative Humidity for crops?

A

40-60%

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6
Q

Optimum Temperature for most agri crops

A

15-40 degree

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7
Q

Minimum, Optimum, Maximum temp of Rice, Wheat, Maize and Sorghum

A

Rice, Wheat, Maize, Sorghum
Min: 10 , 4 , 8 , 12
Opt: 32 , 20 , 20 , 25
Max: 36 , 30 , 40 , 40

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8
Q

What is cardinal temperature?

A

The Max, Min and optimum temperature of individual plants

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9
Q

According to IMD, A rainy day is classified as?

A

2.5mm or more rainfall

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10
Q

Average rainfall in India?

A

125cm
75% of it is received from June-Sept

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11
Q

Amount of precipitation to classify an area as dry?

A

0-750mm

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12
Q

Amount of precipitation to classify an area as receiving medium rainfall? Area receiving that rainfall in India

A

750-1150mm - Highest 42%
1150-2000mm

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13
Q

Amount of precipitation to classify an area as receiving high rainfall?

A

> 2000 mm - 8% of total area

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14
Q

What is Photoperiodism?

A

Response of plant to day length
LIGHT duration dependence

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15
Q

What is Vernalisation?

A

Response of flowers to low temperature

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16
Q

Plants that require <12 hrs of sunlight

A

Short Day Plant
Rice, Cotton, Sunflower

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17
Q

Plants that require >12 hours of sunlight?

A

Long Day Plant
Barley, Oat (avena sativa), Carrot, Cabbage

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18
Q

Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR): Radiation at which photosynthesis takes place is?

A

400-700 nm or 0.4-0.7 meu meter

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19
Q

Optimum Wind velocity for plants?

A

4-6km/hr

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20
Q

Which 2 gasses are the most abundantly available in our atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen (78%)
Followed by Oxygen at 20.95%

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21
Q

Amount of CO2 in our atmosphere?

A

0.03%

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22
Q

What are some physiographic factors affecting agriculture?

A

Topography
Altitude
Steepness of slope

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23
Q

Highest zone in a hilly area is?

A

Nival Zone

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24
Q

What are Edaphic Factors?

A

Soil related factors affecting plant growth

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25
Q

Range of Plant Available Water?

A

1/3 to -15 atm

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26
Q

Water going down due to gravity. Not available to plant’s root

A

Gravitational Water

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27
Q

Amount of moisture retained by the soil after a few days of being wetted and drainage has ceased

A

Field Capacity or
Capillary Water

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28
Q

Range of Field Capacity

A

-1/3 to -31 atm
PWP at -15 atm

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29
Q

The water point in soil, when most plants start to wilt - they die

A

Permanent Wilting Point
Beyond -15 bar

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30
Q

Water absorbed from atmosphere by soil particles that’s unavailable to plants

A

Hygroscopic
Beyond PWP

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31
Q

C:N ratio in Humus

A

10:1

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32
Q

% of Mineral, OM, Water, Air in soil

A

M = 45%
OM = 5%
W = 25%
A = 25%

Maa Maati Manush in Bihar is MOMWA - 45, 5, 25, 25

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33
Q

Optimum pH range for plants to takeup nutrients

A

6.5-7.5

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34
Q

Which kind of soil has high Al, low Ca, low Mg and S

A

Acidic soil
Can be treated with lime

HALS-Ca Acidic soil = High Al, Low S, Ca

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35
Q

Which element is not affected by soil acidity?

A

Potassium

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36
Q

A land unit in terms of major climates, suitable for a certain range of crops and cultivars.
Aimed at scientific management of regional resources to meet the food, fiber, fodder and fuel wood requirements without adversely affecting the status of natural resources and environment.

A

Agro-Climatic Zones

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37
Q

What are the parameters of Agro-climatic zones according to the Planning Commission?

A

RTTC
Rainfall, Temperature
Topography and Cropping

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38
Q

What are the parameters of Agro-climatic zones according to FAO?

A

RTTC & LGP and Climate

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39
Q

How many ACZ are there according to ICAR NARP?

A

128 zones

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40
Q

hich state has the highest and lowest ACZs according ICAR NARP?

A

MP - 12
Haryana - 2

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41
Q

How many ACZs are there according to the Planning Commission?

A

15 zones

42
Q

How many ACZ are there as per NBSS & LUP ?

A

20 zones

43
Q

The National Capital lies in which agroclimatic zone

A

Trans Gangetic Plain
Delhi, Haryana, Punjab

44
Q

The Planning Commission Zones are?

A

Broadly:
1 - Himalayan Region (EW)
2 - Gangetic Plains (UTML)
3 - Plateau Region (CEWS)
4 - Coastal Region (EW)
5 - Others (Is, WD)

45
Q

Which ACZ is popular for Saffron and apple cultivation?

A

Western Himalayan Region

46
Q

Which ACZ witnesses the practice of Shifting Agriculture?

A

Eastern Himalayan Region

47
Q

Which ACZ area has the highest crop intensity?

A

Middle Gangetic Region
HCI = 142%

48
Q

Which ACZ has the Highest irrigation intensity and the Highest Net Sown Area (HNSA)?

A

Trans Gangetic Plain

49
Q

Which ACZ under PC has the highest districts?

A

Eastern Plateau Region
Central Plateau Region
57

50
Q

Which ACZ has adopted Tank led irrigation and dryland farming at 81%?

A

Southern Plateau & Hills

51
Q

Which ACZ has the least area but has the highest rainfall?

A

Island Region

52
Q

Which ACZ is popular for Basmati production and using Canal and Tubewell irrigation?

A

Upper Gangetic Plains

53
Q

Which ACZ is popular for cultivation of Boro Rice?

A

Lower Gangetic Plain &
Middle Gangetic Plain

54
Q

How many Agro Ecological Zones are there in India?

A

20

55
Q

Which region in India has the richest alluvial with adequate water?

A

Northern Plains

56
Q

A yearly sequence and spatial arrangement of crops and fallow on a given area

A

Cropping Pattern
Influenced by demand, technology, size of land, rainfall, etc.

57
Q

Minimising the gap between the growth of 1 crop in one season to another season’s crop

A

Intensive Cropping

58
Q

Moong and Maize grown together, is an example of which kind of cropping?

A

Parallel Cropping
0 competition

59
Q

Maize + Green gram planted in a 1:1 row is an example of which kind of cropping?

A

Row Intercropping

60
Q

Groundnut + Red Gram grown in rows of ratio 6:1 is an example of which kind of cropping?

A

Row Intercropping

61
Q

For row intercropping, groundnut and red gram are sown in the ratio?

A

6:1

62
Q

For strip intercropping, groundnut and red gram are sown in the ratio?

A

6:4

63
Q

What is intensive cropping measured by?

A

cropping intensity

64
Q

Multi-storied complex is aka

A

multi-tiered and multi-layered

65
Q

A type of cropping where yield of both crops are higher than their pure culture

A

Synergetic Cropping
Eg: Sugarcane +Potato

66
Q

Hardy or thorny crops surrounding the main crop

A

Guard Crop
Eg: Safflower, Mesta, Jowar

67
Q

Sub-crops that supplement the yeild of the main crop

A

Augmented Crop
Eg: Japanese mustard with berseem
mustard helps berseem get better yield

68
Q

A type of intercropping where there is no direct row arrangement between 2 or more crops

A

Mixed Intercropping
Eg: Sorghum, pearl millet & cowpea - broadcasted

69
Q

2 or more crops grown simultaneously where the 2nd crop is planted when the 1st crop has reached reproductive stage (not harvest)

A

Relay Intercropping

70
Q

Growing 2 or more crops in a sequence in the same field. at different times.

A

Sequential Cropping
Is of 3 types: Double, Triple, Quadruple Sequencing

71
Q

Growing rice in a field followed by cotton in the same field in a year

A

Double cropping

72
Q

Growing Rice:Rice:cotton in the same field, in a year is called?

A

Tripple cropping

73
Q

Growing Tomato: Ridge Gourd: Amaranthus: Baby corn in a sequence in the same field in the same year

A

Quadruple Cropping

74
Q

Cropping patterns on a farm and their interaction with farm resources?

A

Croping System

75
Q

Types of Cropping System:

A
  • Polyculture
  • Monoculture
76
Q

Types of Polyculture:

A

MM-SR
Multiple Cropping
- Intercropping
Mixed Cropping
Sequencial Cropping
Relay Cropping

77
Q

Yearly sequence + Spacial Arrangement + Interaction + enterprise =?

A

Farming system
CS + Enterprise (like Poultry/fisheries)

78
Q

Crop + Fish + Mushroon is what kind of Farming System

A

Wetland Based Farming System

79
Q

Crop + Dairy + Biogas + Mushroom + Sylviculture = ?

A

Garden-land Based Farming System

80
Q

Crop +Goat + Agroforestry = ?

A

Dryl Land Based Farming System

81
Q

What is Gross Cropped Area / Net Cropped Area?

A

Cropping Intensity
Where GCA = Land usedin Kharif + Rabi
NCA = Total arable land available

82
Q

National Research Centre for Pomegrates?

A

Solapur

83
Q

Indian Institute of Vegetable Research?

A

Varanasi

84
Q

WARDA in located in?

A

Ivory Coast
West African Rice Development Association

85
Q

International Institute of Rice Research?

A

Los Banos, Phillipines

86
Q

ICRISAT is located in?

A

Pattancheru, Hyderabad
International Crop Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics

87
Q

Central Institute of Brackish Water?

A

Chennai

CBC: Central Brackish Chennai

88
Q

Kharif Crop Classification is based on which season? What is its sowing period?

A

Monsoon sowing (June-July)
October harvest
Eg: Rice, maize, Sugarcane, Soybean, Groundnut, Caster, Red Gram, Jute, Cotton

89
Q

Rabi Crop classification based on which season? What is its sowing period?

A

Winter sowing: Oct-Nov
Harvest: March-April
Eg: Wheat, Oats, Potato, Bengal Gram, Mustard

90
Q

Zaid Crops classification is based on which season? What is it’s sowing period?

A

Summer crops
Feb-March Sowing
Eg: Black Gram, cowpea, sesame, watermelon

91
Q

Crops grown along farms roads or fences. To provide shade or protection to crops

A

Avenue Crops
Eg: Pigeon Pea, Glyricidia, Sisal

92
Q

A quick growing crop incidentally planned and harvested between 2 major crops.
Planted in consecutive seasons as a contingency crop, grown if the major crop fails or to get more returns from land

A

Catch/Contingent crops

93
Q

Crops are grown to supplement the yield of the main crop

A

Augment Crops
Japanese mustard with Berseem, increases the yield of Japanese Mustard

94
Q

Crops grown for grazing or harvesting for immediate or future feeding to livestock.

A

Ley Crops
The grass + legume mixture is called ley

95
Q

Crops grown to conserve soil moisture through their ground covering foliage?

A

Mulch crops
cowpea

96
Q

Crop that helps reduce soil erosion. To cover the soil rather than be harvested

A

Cover crop
Eg: Groundnut, chickpea, sweet potato, cowpea

97
Q

Contingent crops are aka?

A

Catch crops or emergency crops

98
Q

Central Rice Research Institute in located in?

A

Cuttack

99
Q

Central institute of Cotton Research

A

Nagpur

100
Q

Formation of thick cover of ice or snow the soil preventing entry of oxygen and the crop suffers leading to accumulation of harmful substances

A

Suffocation

101
Q

Arbuscular mycorrhiza is the scientific name of?

A

Glomus

NABARD Agri (20 decks)

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