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NABARD Agri > Concepts > Flashcards

Concepts Flashcards

SHG, FPO, Green Bonds, Dev Banks, e-Nam

1
Q

What are SHGs?

A

Self governed, peer controlled, informal group with similar socio-economic background, having a desire to collectively perform common purpose
SHG = informal Womens group + common purpose -> women empowerment + rural development

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2
Q

Examples of SHG?

A

Kudumbashree in Kerala, Rangabelia Mohila Samity in Sundarban, SEWA

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3
Q

SHGs directly or indirectly work as?

A

Engines of empowerment and rural development

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4
Q

NABARDs contribution for SHGs

A
  • SHG-Bank Linkage Programme (Financial Inclusion)
  • Women SHG Development Fund
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5
Q

How is government promoting SHG formation and functioning?

A
  • Minimal Paper work
  • Schemes & programmes
  • Collateral Free Loans
  • Digitisation of SHGs through initiatives like E-Sakhi
  • Giving recognition through different platforms
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6
Q

Why are SHGs important?

A
  • Nearly half the population is made up of women
  • 70% of population resides in rural areas.
    target group
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7
Q

What are the Development Banks present in India?

A

NABFID, NABARD, EXIM, SIDBI, IIBI, IDBI, IIFI

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8
Q

Financial institutions that provide long-term credit for capital-intensive investment
At low stable rates

A

Development Banks

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9
Q

Development banks are aka

A

Term lending institutions
Development finance institutions

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10
Q

Banks that mobilise short to medium term deposits and lend for similars maturities to avoid maturity mismatch

A

Commercial Banks

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11
Q

NABARD formed in?

A

July 1982

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12
Q

EXIM formed in?

A

1982

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13
Q

SIDBI formed in?

A

1990

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14
Q

IIBI formed in?

A

1972

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15
Q

IDBI formed in?

A

1964

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16
Q

IFCI formed in?

A

1948
oldest

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17
Q

NBFID formed in?

A

2021
Newest

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18
Q

What are the categories of Development Banks?

A

National - SBI
Sector Specific - NABARD
Investment Type - LIC and GIC
State Level - WBFC (for MSME - 1954)

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19
Q

Which report of Wold Bank is devoted to the theme of importance of long term finance?

A

Global Financial Development Report (2015)

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20
Q

Investment in Infrastructure has a multiplier effect, how?

A

Investment in infrastructure = inc in public demand + revives economy.
Especially valid during the lockdown

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21
Q

NBFID full form?

A

National Bank for Financial Infrastructure & Development

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22
Q

NBFID was created to be?

A

The principle Development Finance Institution (DFI)

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23
Q

What loan amount was given by NABARD to which state government in Jan to build hospitals

A

Rs. 1329.23 crore to Andhra

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24
Q

Economic Development equation

A

Economic Development = Economic Growth + Human Development

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25
Q

Which article in the constitution led to the genesis of Green Bonds in India?

A

Art 48A
Calls for preservation of environment

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26
Q

Policies and Guidelines that led to the genesis of Green Bonds?

A

NAPCC - National Action Plan for CLimate Change
NDC - Nationally Determined Contribution

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27
Q

1st countries that started Green Bonds?

A

France & Poland
In 2017

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28
Q

When was Green Bonds announced in India?

A

Union Budget 2022-23

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29
Q

First Green Bonds were floated by?

A

by Indore Municipal Corporation
through National Stock Exchange (NSE)

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30
Q

Sovereign Green Bonds, backed by GoI, were 1st floated by?

A

RBI

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31
Q

What are the names of RBI Sovereign Green Bonds?

A

2028 & 2033 Series

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32
Q

Characteristics of Green Bonds?

A
  • Long term securities
  • Tradable
  • Carry coupon rate
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33
Q

Green Bond Framework is created by?

A

Department of Economic Affairs
under Ministry of Finance

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34
Q

How many components are there in Green Bond Framework as per the guidelines of?

A

4 components
as per the guidelines of International Capital Market Association (ICMA)

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35
Q

What is the 1st component of the Green Bond Framework?

A

Use of Proceeds
- Encourages Energy Efficiency in resource utilisation
- Reduces carbon emissions & greenhouse gases
- Promotes climate resilience and/or adoption
- Values & improves natural ecosystems & biodiversity, especially in accordance with SDG

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36
Q

What are the 4 components of Green Bond Framework by ICMA?

A

UPMR - upma with an r
1. Use of Proceeds
2. Project Evaluation & Selection
3. Management of Proceeds
4. Reporting

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37
Q

Which body is responsible for project evaluation & selection in the Green Bond Framework

A

Green Finance Working Committee (GFWC)
by Ministry of Finance

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38
Q

Who is the chair of the GFWC?

A

Chief Economic Advisor of GoI

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39
Q

Where do proceeds of the Green Bond Framework go?

A

To the consolidated Funds of India

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40
Q

Who keeps track of the proceeds under Green Bonds?

A

Public Debt Management Cell (PDMC)

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41
Q

Who coordinates the preparation of reports under the Green Bond Framework?

A

Department of Economic Affairs
Ministry of Finance

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42
Q

When was the scheme, “Formation & Promotion of 10,000 Farmer Profucer Organisation (FPOs)” launched?

A

2020

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43
Q

What is the government outlay for the FPO scheme?

A

Rs. 6,865 crore

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44
Q

What led to the genesis of FPO formation?

A
  • To promote cooperation among cooperatives - better managerial efficiency
  • To give say to the 85% small & marginal farmers
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45
Q

FPOs are registered under?

A

Part IXA of Companies Act 2013 or
Cooperative Societies Act

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46
Q

What is the target for the number of FPOs to be established?

A

10,000
with 15% from Aspirational Districts

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47
Q

What is the advisory body in the FPO scheme?

A

NPMA by SFAC
Small Farmer’s Agribusiness Consortium

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48
Q

Which body in FPO initiative oversees implementation and releases funds?

A

NPMA
National Project Management Agency

49
Q

Executive, on-ground functions, for FPO formation - conducting surveys and mobilising farmers into groups of 10-20, is done by?

A

Cluster Based Business Organisation (CBBO)

50
Q

Agency Specifically responsible for training & capacity building of FPOs

A
  • BIRD - Banker’s Institute of Rural Development - Lucknow
  • Laxmanrao Inamdar National Academy for Co-operative R&D - Gurgaon
51
Q

Types of groups that can be formed by farmers under FPO with the help of CBBO?

A

5 types:
SHG, FIG - Farmer Interest Group,
Farmer Club, JLG - Joint Liability Group, RMG - Rythu Mitra Group

52
Q

What are the steps involved in the formation of FPOs?

A

FSN-DP
Forming, Storming, Norming, Developing, Performing

53
Q

How many of these groups, formed by CBBOs, come together to form the legal entity that is an FPO?

A

15-20 such groups
encompassing 300 or 100 (hilly) farmers in plains/hills

54
Q

What is the number of farmers per FPO that the government wants and that mandated in the constitution?

A

GoI: 500/200
Section 581(C) Companies Act 2013: 10+

55
Q

Facilities that FPOs receive?

A
  1. Financial Support
  2. 5-year hand-holding support from CBBOs
56
Q

Which model is the new Draft National Policy on FPO modeled after

A

following 3 tier structure of Gujrat’s Amul Cooperatives
Village Level - District level - State Level

57
Q

The new Draft National Policy on FPO was recommended by?

A

Export Group under the chairmanship of Faiz Ahmed Kidwai

58
Q

What is the Financial Assistance FPOs receive?

A
  • 18L / FPO for 3 years
  • Rs. 2000/ farmer equity grant (Rs. 15 L per FPO ceiling)
  • Credit guarantee facility upto Rs. 2 crore / FPO
59
Q

Full form of MSP

A

Minimum Support Price

60
Q

What is MSP? (Definition)

A

A Market Intervention
by the Government to protect poor farmers
from malpractices of the mandi system and also market forces

61
Q

How did MSP evolve?

A

Through Tech reforms in Agriculture
Through changing cropping pattern of India

62
Q

When was MSP introduced in India?

A

1966-67

63
Q

Why excess production from technological reforms in agriculture, caused farmers to face losses?

A
  1. By the basic laws of economics:
    Increase in supply, declined prices,
    hence profits for farmers
  2. Middle men in APMCs: cartelisation
    where farmers are forced to sell at even lower prices triggering distress sales
64
Q

Why was MSP introduced in the first place?

A

It was a need of the time -
To protect the 85% small and marginal farmers from market forces and distress sales

65
Q

In current times, why is MSP discouraged?

A
  • Regional imbalances: Implementation is not uniform,
  • Market Distortion - It doesn’t rectify the problem of middle men but distorts demand and supply rates
  • Food Inflation - Essential items are often sold at higher prices than international prices
  • India a WTO signatory - WTO does not recommend. India at risk of violating the 10% subsidy norm
  • A short term solution to a long term problem
66
Q

Who recommended MSP?

A

CACP
Commission of Agricultural Costs & Prices

67
Q

Who Approves MSP?

A

CCEA

68
Q

Current economics of MSP? When was it introduced?

A

1.5 x (A2 + FL)
2018-19

69
Q

Economy of MSP recommended by the Swaminathan Committee?

A

1.5 X (C2 + 50%)
Also the demand of farmer

70
Q

What does Cost A1 mean in Agricultural Cost Economics?

A

Value of inputs + taxes
Value of hired human labour, value of hired bullock carts, value of owned machine labour, value of seed, etc

71
Q

What does Cost A2 of Agricultural Economic Cost mean?

A

A1 + Rent paid for leased land
(What government considers)

72
Q

Cost B1 of Agricultural Economic Costs means? (notimp)

A

A1 + interest value of owned fixed capital assets (excluding land)

73
Q

Cost B2 of Agricultural Economic Costs means? (notimp)

A

B1 + Rental value of owned land (net land revenue) + Rent paid for leased land

74
Q

Cost C1 of Agricultural Economic Costs means?

A

B1 + value of Family Labour (FL)

75
Q

Cost C2 of Agricultural Economic Costs means?

A

B2 + imputed value of Family Labour (FL)
Recommended by Swaminathan Committee

76
Q

When was the Swaminathan Commission formed?

A

Nov 2004

77
Q

Determinants of MSP considered by CACP when recommending?
(remember upto 8)

A
  1. Cost of Production
  2. Changes in input prices
  3. Input Output price parity
  4. Demand & Supply
  5. Intercrop price Parity
  6. Effect on General Price Level
  7. International Price Situation
  8. Parity between price paid and received by farmers
  9. Effect on issue prices and implications for subsidy
  10. Effect on industrial cost structure
78
Q

What does the Commission take into account when formulating the recommendation in respect to MSP or other non-price agri measures?

A
  • Comprehensive view of the entire structure of the economy of a particular commodity or its group
  • other determinants
79
Q

Why should MSP not be legalised?

A
  1. Flawed Arithmetic
  2. Benefit a drop in the ocean
  3. High inventory cost - high fiscal burden
  4. Trade Distortion
  5. Crop & Regional imbalances
  6. Degradation of environment
  7. Fanning Inflation
80
Q

Why should MSP be legalised?

A
  1. Provide price support during Distress Sales
  2. Decision Making - MSP announced before sowing
  3. Benchmark for Open Market - 1/3rd produce sold in open market
  4. Maintaining Buffer Stock
  5. Swift running of welfare schemes like PMGKY & TPDS
  6. Give a say to 85% Small & Marginal Farmers in India
81
Q

The farmer is the only man in our economy who buys everything at retail, sells everything at wholesale and pays the freight both ways

A

John F. Kennedy
irony of the indian economic system

82
Q

If Agriculture goes wrong, nothing else will have a chance of going right

A

M.S. Swaminathan

83
Q

Who approves FRP?

A

CCEA

84
Q

IREDA establish in which year and who is their CMD?

A

Founded on 1987
CMD: Pradip Kumar Das

85
Q

RBI’s responsibility towards monetary policy is mandated by?

A

Section 45ZB, RBI Act, 1934

Monetary policy is concerned with supply of money, i.e. controlling inflation, ensuring liquidity - it is about demand and supply

86
Q

Expenditure side reforms?

A

FRBM Act 2003

Fiscal Responsibility & Budget Management Act 2003 - Vajpayee government

87
Q

Headquarter of ADB?

A

Manilla

88
Q

Chairperson of ADB

A

Masatsugu Asakawa
5 year term from 2021

89
Q

How many members make up the monetary policy committee (MPC)? When was it first constituted?

A

6 member monetary policy committee
1st constituted in September 2016

90
Q

The oldest and largest national trade union of bank employees in India is? It was founded in?

A

All India Bank Employees Association (AIBEA), 1946

91
Q

Division of RBI that prints and mints Indian currency notes?

A

Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran (BRBNM)

92
Q

National Legal Services Authority of India was set up in 1995, for? Under which Act?

A
  • Free legal services to eligible candidates
  • Organise Lok Adalats for speedy resolution

Legal Services Authorities Act 1987

93
Q

Interest on Soverign Gold Bonds are paid to investors in what frequency? What is the interest rate?

A

Semi-annually
2.5% pa fixed

94
Q

Weightage of items in CPI

A
  • Food - 45% - highest weightage
  • Clothing/footware
  • Housing
  • Fuel
  • Tobacco/Pan/intoxicants
  • Misc

includes services

95
Q

Weightage of items in WPI?

A
  • Fuel
  • Manufactured Goods
  • Primary articles
96
Q

Disguised unemployment means?

A

marginal productivity of labour is 0

97
Q

Impact per rupee spent onsocial welfare is studied under?

A

New Welfare Approach

98
Q

CSR was launched in? It is under section?

A

2014
Section 135 of Companies Act 2013

99
Q

Which state tops in CSR?

A

Maharashtra

100
Q

Top 4 Development Sector in CSR?

A

Education
Health and Sanitation
Rural Development
Environment, Animal Welfare & Conservation

101
Q

A well known emperical relationshipthat shows how the life expectancy of a country’s people is related to its per capita income. Identify the curve

A

Preston Curve

People in richer countries live longer than those in poorer countries

102
Q

7 pillars of Doubling Farmer’s Income According to Ashok Dalwai Committee

A
  1. improvement in crop productivity
  2. in livestock productivity
  3. Resource use efficiency or savings
  4. Increase in the cropping intensity
  5. Diversification
  6. Improvement in real prices
  7. Shift from farm to non-farm occupations
103
Q

Cereals has the highest weight under Food and beverages category in CPI, it is? Weight of vegetables and fruits is?

A

9%
Vegetable: 6%
Fruits: 2.8%

104
Q

Features of a Developed Economy

A
  • Diversified & advanced industrial and service sectors
  • High per capita income (above $12,000-$25,000 or more)
  • HDI sore above 0.8
105
Q

Cooperative societies is a state, union or concurrent list

A

State list of 7th Schedule

106
Q

When Cooperative Societies carry out the business of banking they come under the purview of ____ and are licensed under the ____ Act of ____

A

RBI
Banking Regulation Act 1949

107
Q

Ministry of Cooperation was formed in?

A

2021

108
Q

How many cooperatives are there in India?

A

8 lakh out of global 30L

largest globally

109
Q

India accounts for ____% of all cooperatives and over ____% of indian population is a part of a cooperative

A

27%
20%

globabl average 12% people

110
Q

Of the 300 largest cooperative, ____ are from India, with ____ at the top positions

A

15
IFFCO
followed by AMUL

111
Q

India ranks ____ in Asia Pacific and ____ in the world in terms of no of cooperatives

A

2nd
6th

Japan top in Asia; USA in the world

112
Q

Which cooperative has the maximum coverage in India?

A

Housing

113
Q

Short term credit is ____ tiered and long term credit is ____ tiered

A

3 tiered (PACS, District, state)
2 tiered (Primary co-op bank, State Co-op Bank)

114
Q

Youngest subsidiary of NABARD. A trustee company, incorported in 2020. To manage credit guarantee funds and promote flow of funds to desired sections.

A

NABSanrakshan

CGFT FPO and CGFT AHD are currently under it

115
Q

How many FPOs have been registered across the across till date?
Which state has the highest number of FPOs?

A

8875
Karnataka

116
Q

How many NDC does India have? How many has India achieved?

A

2/8

117
Q

Which 2 NDC has India achieved?

A
  • Reduce emissions intensity of its GDP by 45% by 2030
  • Increase cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel sources to 50% by 2030
  • Net 0 by 2070
118
Q

What amount is considered bulk deposit in RRB?

A

Rs. 1 crore

119
Q

National Fund for Climate Change is managed by?

A

NABARD

NABARD Agri (20 decks)

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