Irrigation 2 Flashcards
Water beyond field capacity stage is called?
Super available water
The presence of super available water in soil for an extended period is harmful for plant growth because of the lack of?
Flow
Solute potential is aka?
Osmotic potential
negative value of water potential in plant cells. It’s a measure of how much the presence of solutes in water reduces the water potential
Solute potential
or Osmotic Potential
Avg crop water requirement for SRI method of rice cultivation?
700 mm
Total quantity of water required by a cro irrespective of its source in a given period of time?
Crop water requirement
Evpotranspiration is one of the imp factors determining crop water requirement. It is measured through?
Lysimeter
Which crop requires the highest crop water duration?
Cotton
Rapid solar energy deployment in India pushed the country past ____ to become world’s 3rd largest solar power generator.
Japan
India: 5.8% electricity from solar
The top 4 countries in increase in solar generation in 2023 accounted for 75% of growth. What are the countries?
- China
- US
- Brazil
- India
A small opening of any cross section (shape) on the side or bottom of the tank, is called?
Orifices
A device used to measure rate of flow of liquid through a small channel or tank. Generally made up of a metallic plate.
Notch
A concrete or masonry structure, placed in an open channel over which the flow occurs.
Weirs
A device for measuring the flow of water in open channels when depth of flow is less - head drop is small, volume of flow is less channel bed slope is less, is called?
Parshall Flume
A device used for controlling & measuring irrigation flow. They are basically modified, submerged, variable area orifices (slide gates) at the upstream end of a length of smooth or corrugated pip, is called?
Meter gates
Grand Growth Phase is associated with? It is how many days long?
Sugarcane
101-270 days
Preceeded by Tillering phase
Global Food Security Index is prepared by?
The Economist Impact Team
113 countries
Water between field capacity (1/3 bar) and PWP (15 bar) is?
Available water
Long Term Irrigation Fund (LTIF) was created to fast track 99?
Medium (2000-10,000 ha) or
Major irrigation project (cultivable command area of >10,000 ha)
Under LITF provisition, state can borrow from NABARD, with an interest subvention of ____% borne by the government.
7%
Only 4 states have more than half net cultivated farmlands under micro-irrigation, they are?
Sikkim
Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Maharashtra
Acc to an impact evaluation study of micro irrigation by Dept of Agri, showed that irrigation cost is reduced by __-__% with an avg ____% through micro-irrigation schemes
20-50%
avg: 32.5%
States that have more than 30% under micro irrigation?
Sikkim, Andhra, Karnataka, Maha
Mizo, TN, Gujarat
____ irrigation project was declared as National Project under Sec ____ of AP Reorganisation Act 2014
Polavaram Irrigation Project
Section 90
Ratio of Water used consumptively to the water delivered to the field is?
Water Use Efficiency
Yield of crop per unit of water lost through evaporation
Period over which irrigation water is to be supplied for the production of any crop. Normally this is the period between the 1st & Last irrigation applied to a crop?
Base period
(Kg/ha)/mm is the unit for?
Water Use Efficiency
It is the ratio of yield of crop to total amount of water used in the field
Field Water Use Efficiency
Yield of crop to the amount of water depleted by the crop through evapotranspiration
Crop Water Efficiency
Area/cusec or ha/cumec is the unit of?
1 cusec = ? L of water
Duty of water - Related to Area
28L of water
Area that can be irrigated with a continuous non-stop supply of water
Duty of Water - Related to Area
In most irrigation projects, irrigation efficiency ranges between?
12-34%
Relation between delta, base period and duty of water?
D = 864 b/d
Period over which irrigation water is to be supplied for the production of any crop
Base Period - related to time
Water requirement of Rice
1100-1250mm
Of the total water requirement of rice, requirement for nursery, puddling and firld irrigation is?
Nursery: 3% or 40mm
Puddling:16% or 200mm
Field Irrigation: 81% or 1000mm
Total Water Requirement for Ground Nut is?
500-550 mm
Total water requirement of Sugarcane and Ragi (finger millet)
Sugarcane: 1800-2200 mm
Ragi: 350 mm
Nutrients that is the principle component of fertigation?
Nitrogen
Irrigation project that covers cultural command area of more than 10,000 ha, cost more than Rs. 50 million is known as?
Major Irrigation Project
Irrigation project that covers cultural command area of 2000-10,000 ha, cost Rs. 2.5 million to Rs. 50 million is known as?
Medium Irrigation Project
Irrigation project that covers cultural command area of 2000 ha, cost less than Rs. 2.5 million is known as?
Minor Irrigation Project
Revised Ultimate Irrigation Potential was made in? It was revised by?
1972
CGWB (Faridabad)
Which country and state is a successful example of Participatory Irrigation Management?
Turkey, Mexico
Odisha
Which act of India back Participatory Irrigation Management
Pani Panchayat Act 2002
Bodies that promote participatory Irrigation Management?
Pani Panchayat & Water User’s Association
Net irrigated area to sown irrigated area in India?
46.8% Acc to Agri Statistics
55% according to NITI Aayog & ES
Which state & UT has the highest proportion ofnet irrigated to net sown area
Chandigarh (100%)
Punjab (99%)
WB - 6th (67%)
According to Agri Census 2010-11, ____ emerged as the main source of irrigation
Tube Wells
followed by Canals
Canals are the main source of irrigation in?
Andhra Pradesh
Followed by Chhattisgarh
Tube wells were the dominant source of irrigation in?
Bihar
Followed by Karnataka
NMCG is registered under? It is chaired by?
Societies Registration Act 1860
Ministry of Jal Shakti
____ L of water is required to produce 1 kg of husked rice in India
2688L
Long Term Irrigation Fund by NABARD was operationalised in, to about?
2016-17 by 2019
To fast track completion of 99 medium & major irrigation projects
A device used to measure the rate of flow of fluid through a pipe
Venturimeter
Which 4 states have more than half of net cultivated farmland under micro-irrigation
Sikkim, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka & Maharashtra
Which of the following schemes drove irrigation coverage in india?
1. PMKSY
2. HKKP
3. Shahpur-kandi Projecct
4. Special Package for Maharashtra
5. Namami Gange
1,2,3,4
State with highest & lowest area under micro-irrigation through PDMC (2015)
Karnataka - Highest
Goa - Lowest
Which state has the max number of ponds & reservoirs?
West Bengal
South 24 Pargana max
Which state has the highest lakes?
Tamil Nadu
Crop in check and basin irrigation?
Paddy
State with highest water conservation scheme?
Maharashtra
Drip Irrigation refers to application of water in small quantity at the rate of mostly less than ____ lph as drops to the zone of the plants through a network of plastic pipes fitted with emitters.
8-12 lph
__% of all samples of groundwater samples collected had excess nitrates above safe limit
20%
Gross irrigated area in India & net irrigated area?
or area irrigated multiple times in a yr vs only once
GIA: 55% at 120 m Ha
NIA: 78 mn Ha
Of the net irrigated area of 77.9 mha, % of canals, tubewells & tanks is?
Canals: 24.7%
Tubewells: 47.3%
Tanks: 3%
1/4 th canals, Tubewell highest (little less than half)
Top 4 states with highest irrigation coverage?
Irrigation intensity
Punjab > Haryana > UP > Telangana
Punjab at 98%
A GIS based Android tool developed to enhance the planning of region-specific soil and water conservation measures. Empowering rural communities in recharging groundwater and augmenting surface water.
CLART - GIS
Composite Landscape Assessment & Restoration Tool
Acc to NABARD Nafis report, ___% of households own a tractor and ___% a micro irrigation equipment
9%
7%
Acc to NABARD NAFIS report, ___% of Agri households sourced their loans from institutional sources
75.5%
