Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CCHS SBB > Immune Hemolytic Anemia > Flashcards

Immune Hemolytic Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

disease state in which antibodies attach to red cells in circulation and those red cells either lyse in circulation or are removed from circulation, resulting in anemia

A

immune hemolytic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

types of immune hemolytic anemia

A
  • allo-immune
  • drug-induced
  • autoimmune
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

HDFN and HTR are what type of immune hemolytic anemia?

A

allo-immune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

drug-induced hemolytic anemia is what type hypersensitivity?

A

II and III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

autoimmune hemolytic anemia is what type hypersensitivity?

A

II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

~80% of all AIHA are what type?

A

warm autoimmune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what antibody class is implicated in WAIHA?

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in WAIHA, is the DAT or IAT stronger?

A

DAT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

do WAIHA cases bind complement?

A

sometimes (75%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

optimum reactivity temperature of WAIHA

A

37C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what percentage of WAIHA are primary (idiopathic)?

A

30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why are all crossmatches incompatible at AHG in WAIHA?

A

antibody spill-over when all patient red cell antigen sites are full

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

elution results in WAIHA

A

panreactive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what can be used to reduce autoantibody production?

A

corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does rituximab act on in regard to WAIHA?

A

CD20 on B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

antibody class implicated in cold agglutinin syndrome

A

IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

optimum reaction temperature for cold agglutinin syndrome

A

room temp and below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cold agglutinin syndrome is associated with ___vascular immune destruction

A

extra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria is associated with what disease state in adults

A

syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria is associated with what disease state in children?

A

viral infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

antibody class implicated in paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what antigen is antibody directed against in paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria?

A

P carbohydrate antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Donath-Landsteiner is confirmatory test for what?

A

paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

biphasic hemolysin is associated with what disease state?

A

paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria presents with ___vascular immune destruction

A

intra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

disease states associated with cold agglutinins

A 
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Epstein Barr
CLL
mono
carcinomas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

diagnostic test for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

A

sucrose hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

most common cold agglutinin

A

auto-anti-I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

auto-anti-I antibody class

A

IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

autoantibody associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

auto-anti-I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

autoantibody associated with infectious mono

A

auto-anti-i

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what blood types is auto-anti-H seen in?

A

A and AB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

anti-H strongly agglutinates what cells

A

group O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

cold agglutinin that agglutinates both cord cells and adult cells and patient autocontrol

A

nonspecific cold agglutinin

35
Q

disease states associated with mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A

lymphoproliferative disorders
lupus
HIV

36
Q

most common current drug associated with drug induced hemolytic anemia

A

cephalosporins

37
Q

DAT in drug-induced hemolytic anemia

A

positive

38
Q

IAT in drug-induced hemolytic anemia

A

negative

39
Q

drug induced hemolytic anemia mechanism:
positive IgG DAT
negative C3
negative elution

A

drug adsorption

40
Q

drug-induced hemolytic anemia mechanism:
positive IgG DAT
positive C3
negative elution

A

membrane modification

41
Q

drug-induced hemolytic anemia mechanism:
negative IgG DAT
positive C3
negative elution

A

immune complex

42
Q

drug-induced hemolytic anemia mechanism:
positive IgG DAT
negative C3
positive elution

A

autoantibody

43
Q

DIHA mechanism in which drug binds tightly to red cell membrane proteins and patient makes IgG antibody to the drug

A

drug adsorption

44
Q

most common drug associated with drug adsorption mechanism of DIHA

A

penicillin-G

45
Q

when can the eluate be positive in drug adsorption mechanism of DIHA?

A

if red cells are pretreated with the drug

46
Q

drugs associated with drug adsorption mechanism of DIHA

A

penicillin-G, cephalosporin, erythromycin, methicillin, carbromal, nafcillin, cefazolin, tetracycline, cefamandole

47
Q

drug adsorption mechanism DIHA patients develop hematologic complications?

A

usually no

48
Q

DIHA mechanism in which presence of the drug causes modification of RBC membranes and this modification causes proteins to adsorb onto red cells

A

membrane modification

49
Q

antibody class associated with membrane modification DIHA

A

IgG, IgM, IgA, C3, C4, albumin, fibrinogen

50
Q

is membrane modification DIHA associated with red cell destruction?

A

no

51
Q

drugs associated with membrane modification DIHA

A 
keflin
cephalothin
cisplatin
diglycoaldehyde
suramin
52
Q

drug most commonly associated with membrane modification DIHA

A

Keflin

53
Q

DIHA mechanism in which drug-antibody complex is bound loosely and transiently to the red cell membrane

A

immune complex

54
Q

antibody class associated with immune complex DIHA

A

IgM

55
Q

drugs associated with immune complex DIHA

A

quinine, quinidine, sulfonamides, phenacetin, acetaminophin

56
Q

DIHA mechanism that activates complement cascade

A

immune complex

57
Q

DIHA mechanism in which drug does not attach to red cells but presence of drug stimulates production of antibody with IgG specificity

A

autoantibody

58
Q

autoantibody mechanism DIHA antibody class

A

IgG

59
Q

most common drug associated with autoantibody DIHA

A

methydopa/Aldomet

60
Q

technique used to remove bound antibody from red cells

A

elution

61
Q

applications of elution

A

positive DAT
purification or concentration of antibodies
preparation of antibody-free red cells for phenotyping

62
Q

technique used to separate two or more antibodies or remove autoantibodies from a sample so that it may be evaluated for presence of alloantibodies

A

adsorption

63
Q

products of elution

A

stroma-rbc membrane fragments

eluate-liquid portion containing antibody

64
Q

primary means for determining whether immune-mediated destruction of red cells is contributing to patient’s anemia

A

DAT

65
Q

what does a positive DAT confirm?

A

presence of red cells coated in vivo with antibodies or complement

66
Q

elution technique in which acid lyses red cells

A

acid elution

67
Q

elution technique that results in negative DAT to allow for phenotyping

A

glycine-HCl/EDTA

68
Q

elution technique used for ABO and IgM antibodies that has poor recovery of IgG antibodies

A

heat/Landsteiner-Miller

69
Q

elution technique that doesn’t destroy red cells

A

heat/Landsteiner-Miller

70
Q

elution technique used for ABO HDFN

A

Lui Freeze-Thaw

71
Q

why should adsorption procedures not be performed on samples from patients that have been transfused in the last 3 months?

A

potential exists for adsorption of significant alloantibodies onto transfused donor cells

72
Q

removal of warm-reactive autoantibody from patient serum using patient’s cells to allow detection of possible alloantibody

A

adsorption

73
Q

adsorption technique that contains enzymes and therefore destroys some antigen sites and cannot be used for phenotyping

A

W.A.R.M

74
Q

adsorption technique that is mixture of proteolytic enzyme and sulfhydryl reagent that destroys enzyme sensitive antigen sites and Kell antigens

A

ZZAP

75
Q

adsorption technique that does not contain enzymes and dissociates antibody from red cells with little or no damage to antigens allowing for phenotyping

A

chloroquine diphosphate

76
Q

3 red cell phenotypes used in allo-adsorption technique

A

group O R1R1, R2R2, rr, one Jka- and one Jkb-

77
Q

removal of cold reactive autoantibody from patient serum onto patient’s own cells to allow for detection of alloantibody and reverse grouping

A

cold auto-adsorption

78
Q

why are patient cells enzyme treated in cold-autoadsorption technique?

A

enzyme treated autologous cells have increased ability to bind cold autoantibody for removal from serum

79
Q

adsorption technique that utilizes rabbit stroma with cross-reactivity to adsorb out auto anti-I, H, and IH

A

RESt (rabbit erythrocyte stroma)

80
Q

adsorption technique that doesn’t use patient cells and can be performed for a patient that has been recently tranfused

A

RESt

81
Q

can adsorbed serum from RESt technique be used for ABO typing?

A

no, anti-B is also adsorbed

82
Q

technique that eliminates interfering reactivity of cold autoagglutinins that react in AHG phase of testing

A

pre-warming

83
Q

why would serum be treated to inactivate IgM?

A

abolishes agglutinating and complement-binding activities

84
Q

treatments to inactivate IgM

A

AET, DTT, 2-ME

CCHS SBB (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions