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CCHS SBB > Genetics And Molecular > Flashcards

Genetics And Molecular Flashcards

1
Q

Chromosome other than sex chromosomes

A

Autosome

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2
Q

Small segment of DNA that contains genetic information necessary to construct a protein or part of a protein

A

Gene

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3
Q

Alternate form for a gene; one or two or more different genes that may occupy a specific locus on a chromosome

A

Allele

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4
Q

Position of a gene on a chromosome

A

Locus

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5
Q

Alleles on the same chromosome

A

Cis position

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6
Q

Alleles on opposite chromosomes

A

Trans position

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7
Q

Normal number of chromosomes in zygote and all body cells

A

46 (diploid)

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8
Q

Normal number of chromosomes in gametes (Sex cells)

A

23 (haploid)

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9
Q

Cell division that leads to 2 identical cells that have the same number of paired chromosomes

A

Mitosis

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10
Q

Mitosis occurs in which cells??

A

Somatic cells

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11
Q

Cell division that occurs when gametes are formed and will not have pairs of chromosomes

A

Meiosis

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12
Q

Mitosis produces how many daughter cells

A

2

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13
Q

Gametes are haploid or diploid?

A

Haploid

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14
Q

5 cell stages

A 
Interphase
Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Telophase
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15
Q

Stage between cell divisions where cell is not actively dividing but engaged in metabolic activity

A

Interphase

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16
Q

Both alleles are equally strong and product of both alleles is observable as an inherited trait

A

Co-dominant inheritance

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17
Q

Most blood group system alleles follow what type of inheritance?

A

Co-dominant

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18
Q

Inheritance of identical alleles at a given locus on both chromosomes

A

Homozygous

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19
Q

Inheritance of different alleles at a given locus on both chromosomes

A

Heterozygous

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20
Q

Silent gene; gene is present but does not result in production of detectable product

A

Amorph

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21
Q

Inheritance of only one member of a chromosome pair or chromosome segment rather than the usual 2

A

Hemizygous

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22
Q

Antigens of ABO blood group are carbohydrates or proteins?

A

Carbohydrates

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23
Q

Antigens of Rh blood group are carbohydrates or proteins?

A

Proteins

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24
Q

Blood group antigen proteins that have complement regulatory functions

A

Complement receptor type 1 (CR1, CD35: Knops antigens)

Decay accelerating factor (DAF, CD55: Cramer antigens)

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25
Blood group antigens that serves as anion transporter
Diego and Wright
26
Blood group antigen that serves as water channel transporter
Colton
27
Blood group antigen that serves as urea transporter
Kidd
28
Blood group antigen that resides on chemokine receptor
Duffy
29
Blood group antigen that resides on hyaluron receptor
Indian
30
Genetic makeup of an individual
Genotype
31
Outward expression of genes/observable traits
Phenotype
32
Difference in antigen density manifested by antibodies giving stronger reactions with cells that have double dose of antigen
Dosage
33
Blood groups that demonstrate dosage
Rh Duffy MNSs Kidd
34
Event that leads to production of altered gene or new gene that did not exist in biological parents
Mutation
35
2 or more alleles at a single locus
Polymorphism
36
Polymorphism common in what blood group systems?
ABO and HLA
37
Physical association between 2 genes that are located on same chromosome
Linkage
38
Closely linked genes inherited together
Haplotype
39
Blood group systems exhibiting linkage
Secretor and Lutheran genes on same chromosome HLA D gene closely linked to Cc and Ee genes MNSs
40
Hardy Weinberg equilibrium
P+q=1 | P^2 + 2pq +q^2 = 1
41
Square on pedigree chart
Male
42
Circle on pedigree chart
Female
43
Child inherited a genetic marker that is not found in mother or alleged father
Direct exclusion
44
Example of direct exclusion
Mother who types A and alleged father who types O have a child who types B
45
Child lacks a genetic marker that the father should have transmitted to all his offspring
Indirect exclusion
46
Example of indirect exclusion
Mother who types CC and alleged father who types cc have child who types CC
47
Inheritance that is not sex-linked; trait appears in every generation
Autosomal dominant
48
Inheritance pattern that affects both male and female at the same rate
Autosomal dominant
49
Inheritance pattern transmitted by average person to half of his/her children on average
Autosomal dominant
50
Inheritance pattern in which unaffected persons do not transmit trait to their children
Autosomal dominant
51
Inheritance pattern that is not sex-linked, trait appears in siblings but not their parents or offspring
Autosomal recessive
52
Inheritance pattern in which both parents are recessive for trait
Autosomal recessive
53
Inheritance pattern in which trait appears only in siblings
Autosomal recessive
54
Autosomal recessive affect on male and female
Same rate
55
Inheritance pattern in which trait resides on X chromosome and males and females are affected
X-linked dominant
56
Affected males in X-linked dominant will transmit trait to which of their offspring?
All of their daughters | None of their sons
57
Affected females of X-linked dominant trait who are heterozygous will transmit condition to which of their offspring?
Half of their children of either sex
58
Affected females of X-linked dominant trait who are homozygous transmit condition to which of their offspring?
All of their children
59
Inheritance pattern in which trait resides on X chromosome, males and homologous females affected
X-linked recessive
60
Inheritance pattern in which incidence of trait is much higher in males than in females?
X-linked recessive
61
Inheritance pattern in which trait is passed from affected man through all his daughters to half of their sons
X-linked recessive
62
Inheritance pattern in which trait is never transmitted directly from father to son
X-linked recessive
63
Inheritance pattern in which trait is transmitted through female carriers
X-linked recessive
64
Inheritance pattern in which trait resides on Y chromosome, only males affected
Y-linked
65
Inheritance pattern in which trait is transmitted only from father to son with all sons affected
Y-linked

CCHS SBB (40 decks)

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