Human Reproductive System - 14.2 Flashcards
What causes STIs of concern?
Virus’ or bacteria
What are common viral STIs?
HIV/AIDS, genital herpes, hepatitis, human papilloma virus
What are common bacterial STIS?
Chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis
What does AIDs stand for?
Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome
What causes AIDs?
HIV - Human Immunodefiency Virus
What does HIV do in the body?
It attacks helper T cells - infected person is more vulnerable to infections that lead to sickness and death
How can HIV be transmitted?
- Sexual Contact
- Sharing Drugs
- Mother can give to baby during or after pregnancy - breastfeeding
Is there a cure for HIV?
No, treatments can alleviate symptoms
What are the three different types of Hepatitis?
Hepatitis A, B, and C
What causes Hepatitis A?
Drinking water contaminated with fecal bacteria
Anal, oral contact
What causes Hepatitis B?
Sexual contact, contact with infected body fluids or blood
What causes Hepatitis C?
Blood to blood contact with infected syringes or needles
What are the symptoms for hepatitis?
Fever, nausea, head ache, loss of appetite, abdominal pain
Jaundice
What can happen to an unborn child when the mother has hepatitis?
The infection can be transmitted across the placenta
What does it mean to be asymptomatic?
When an individual does not show any symptoms
What causes herpes?
The virus HSV 1 or HSV 2
How is HSV2 acquired?
Genital contact (causing genital herpes)
How is HSV1 acquired?
Sexual contact, causes sores around the mouth, and also in the genital areas
How long does it take herpes symptoms to show?
About a month
What are the symptoms of herpes?
Tingling/itching in a particular area of body followed by blisters
Blisters then form sores
Sores increase the risk of HIV infection
What happens when a mother tranfers herpes to a baby?
Leads to blindness in the baby, neurological disorders, and even death
What is HPV responsible for?
Genital warts
How is HPV transmitted?
Skin to skin contact
What do the symptoms look like in HPV?
Flat or raised warts around the genital areas
What is HPV linked to?
Cervical cancer in woman
- Tumors of the vulva, vagina, anus, and penis
What causes chlamydia?
Bacterium - Chlamydia trachomatous
Which gender is the rate of chlamydia higher in?
Women
What are the symptoms of chlamydia?
- Discharge from vagina and penis
- Burning pain while urinating
- Fever
What happens if Chlamydia is undetected in women?
Can spread to cervix and oviducts - can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory disease - causing one to acquire HIV
What happens if a baby comes in contact with chlamydia during birth?
Infections in the eyes and the respiratory tract.
What gender is the rate of chlamydia more common in?
Males
What causes gonorhea?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
What are the symptoms of gonorrhea’s?
Pain when urinating
Thick, greenish, yellow discharge from the urethra
What happens if Gonorrhea is left untreated?
Can lead to PID and can further spread to heart, joints and the brain
What happens if a baby comes in contact with it in the birth canal?
Can develop a serious eye infection
How do physicians recommend that mothers with genital herpes give birth by?
C section
What causes syphillis?
The bacterium treponema pallidum
What is first stage of syphillis?
Infectious ulcerated sores develop in teh infectious site
What is the second stage of syphillis?
Rashes appear on the palms of hands and soles of feet
What is the third stage of syphilis?
Infection begins to affect the cardiovascular and nervous system
What are gummas?
Large, destructive ulcers that appear on the skin and internal organs (syphillis caused)
When can syphilis affect a developing embryo?
At any stage of the pregnancy
What can syphilis do to a developing embryo?
It can still birth or birth defects