17.3 Flashcards
What plant did biologists think Maize originated from?
Teosinte
What with a cross of teosinte could have produced Maize?
Gamagrass (Tripsacum sp)
What are the two chemicals that are found in rapeseed oil?
Euric acid and glucosinolates
What is canola high in?
Monosaturated and Polyunsaturated fats
What are monosaturated and polyunsaturated fats in canola good for?
Decrease the likelihood of plaque forming deposits in the arteries.
What is a pedigree?
A flow chart that uses symbols to show the patterns of relationships and traits in a family over many generations
What are autosomes?
Any other chromosome other than the sex chromosome?
What is autosomal inheritance?
Refers to any traits - dominant or recessive - are coded for by genes on autosomes
What is polydactly?
When one has excess fingers and toes
Is polydactyl an autosomal dominant or recessive condition?
dominant
Is Huningtons disease autosomal dominant or recessive?
Autosomal dominant
What is Huningtons disease and its symptoms?
When the brain detoriates over the span of 1.5years
* Memory loss, involuntary muscle movements
Is Marfan syndrome autsomal dominant or recessive?
Autsomal dominant
What is Marfan syndrome and its symptoms?
Impairment of the connective tissue
* Long bones, curved spine, glaucoma, respitory problems, retinal detachment
Is Phenylketonuria autosomal dominant or recessive?
Autosomal recessive
What is Phenylketonuria and what are its symptoms?
Occurs when the enzyme that converts phenylamine into tyrosine is defective or absent - phenylene then is converted to phenyl pyruvic avid - build up to toxic levels
What does tyrosine do?
Used by the body to make melatonin and certain hormones
What happens if a baby is not diagnosed or treated of PKU on time?
They will become handicapped within a few months
What is cystic fibrosis and what are its symptoms?
The build of of thick mucus in the lungs and in the digestive stem
* premia, reparatory problems, trouble digesting foods
Is cystic fibrosis an autosomal recessive trait or an autosomal dominant trait?
Autosomal recessive
What is haemophilia?
When the proteins that are involved in blood clotting are impaired - people who are cut undergo serious blood loss
Are men or females at higher risk of hemophilia?
Men
What are three X linked recessive traits?
- Hemophilia
- Color blindness
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy
What happens to individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
They cannot manufacture the protein dystrophin
* Muscles will weaken and degenerate over time
What are the four “inborn errors in metabolism”
- Alkaptonuria
- Albinism
- Cystinuria
- Pentosuria
Who is the English Physician who wrote a book on the inborn errors in metabolism?
Sir Archibald Garrid
What caused the “inborn errors of metabolism?
Absence of specific enzymes
What is genetic screening?
Using chromosome mapping to identify people who are at risk of developing particular genetic conditions or of passing these conditions to their children.
What is Alkaptonuria?
When individuals produce black urine
What is Albinism?
The lack of the skin pigment melanin
