Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 30 > Glands and Hormones of the Endocrine System - 13.1 > Flashcards

Glands and Hormones of the Endocrine System - 13.1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is an endocrine gland?

A

Ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the hypothalamus secrete?

A

Hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What affects does the hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormone have?

A

Regulates the anterior pituitary system hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What hormones does the anterior pituitary secrete?

A
  • Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
  • Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Prolactin (PRL)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What effects does the human growth hormone have on the target tisseu/organ?

A
  • stimulates cell division
  • stimulates bone and muscle growth
  • stimulates metabolic functions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What effects does thyroid stimulating hormone have on target tissues/organs?

A
  • stimulates the thyroid gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What effects does adrenocorticotropic hormone have on target tissues/organs?

A
  • stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What effects does follicle stimulating hormone have on target tissues/organs?

A
  • stimulates the production of ova in the ovaries
  • stimulates the production of sperm in the testes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What effects does luteinizing hormone have on target tissues/organs?

A
  • stimulates the sex hormone production from the ovaries and testes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What effects does prolactin have on target tissues and organs?

A
  • stimulates milk production from the mammary glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What hormones does the posterior pituitary secrete?

A
  • antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
  • oxytocin (OCT)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What effects does antidiuretic hormone have on target tissues/glands?

A
  • promotes the retention of water by the kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What effect does oxytocin have on target tissues/glands?

A
  • stimulates uterine muscle contractions and the release of milk by the mammary glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What hormones does the thyroid secrete?

A
  • thyroxine (t4)
  • calcitonin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What effects does thyroxine have on target tissues/organs?

A
  • affects all tissues
  • increases metabolic rate and regulates growth and development
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What effects does calcitonin have on target tissues/organs?

A
  • targets bones to lower blood calcium from bone
  • targets kidneys for reabsorption of calcium by kidneys
17
Q

What hormones does parathyroid stimulate?

A

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

18
Q

What effects does parathyroid hormone have on target tissues/organs?

A
  • raises blood calcium levels by stimulating the bone cells to release calcium
  • kidneys reabsorb calcium, activating Vitamin D
  • Vitamin D stimulates the intestine to absorb calcium from food
19
Q

What hormones does the adrenal cortex secrete?

A
  • Glucocorticoids: cortisol
  • Mineralocorticoids: aldosterone
  • Gonacorticoids
20
Q

What effects does glucocorticoids have on target tissues/organs?

A

They stimulate the tissues to raise blood glucose and break down protein - increases blood sugar

21
Q

What effects does mineralocorticoids have on target tissues/organs?

A

Promote reabsorption of sodium and water by the kidneys

22
Q

What effects does gonadocorticoids have on target tissues/organs?

A

Promote secondary sexual characteristics

23
Q

What hormone does the adrenal medulla secrete?

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

24
Q

What effect does epinephrine and norepinephrine have on target tissues/cells?

A

Fight or flight hormones

Raise blood glucose levels

25
Q

What hormones does the pancreas secrete?

A

Insulin and glucagon

25
Q

What effects does insulin have on target tissues/organs?

A

Reduces blood glucose levels and promotes the formation of glycogen in the liver

25
Q

What effect does glucagon have on target tissues/organs?

A

Raises blood glucose levels

26
Q

What hormones does the ovaries secrete?

A

Estrogen and Progesterone

27
Q

What effects does estrogen have on target organs/tissues?

A
  • stimulates uterine lining growth
  • promotes the development of the female secondary characteristics
28
Q

What effects does progesterone have on target organs and tissues?

A

Promotes the growth of uterine lining growth and prevents uterine muscle contractions.

29
Q

What hormones does the testes secrete?

A

Testosterone

30
Q

What effect does testosterones have on target glands and tissues?

A

Promotes sperm formation

Promotes the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics

Biology 30 (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions