Cell Division - 16.4

Question 1

What is the key mechanism involved in asexual reproduction?

Answer 1

Mitosis

Question 2

What is binary fission?

Answer 2

When Bacteria replicates its DNA and distributes a complete copy of its DNA to two identical daughter cells

Question 3

Which types of organisms undergo binary fission?

Answer 3

Bacteria and Prokaryotes (fungi and algae)

Question 4

Does bacteria undergo mitosis?

Answer 4

No, binary fission

Question 5

How fast can bacteria divide?

Answer 5

In favorable conditions as little as 20 minutes

Question 6

What is a disadvantage of binary fission?

Answer 6

If once cell is vulnerable to a toxin or virus the rest of the colony will be vulnerable to the same thing

Question 7

What is conjugation?

Answer 7

The transfer of genetic material from one cell to another by cell to cell contact through a bridging structure (pilus).

Question 8

What is a pro of conjugation?

Answer 8

It creates cells with genetic combinations - provides chance for cells that may be better adapted to the environment

Question 9

What can conjugation only take place between?

Answer 9

To non identical bacterial cells

Question 10

What is budding?

Answer 10

A form of asexual reproduction in which a complete but miniature version of the parent grows out of the parents body

• The new organisms then seperates to become an independant organism

Question 11

What organism undergoes budding?

Answer 11

A hydra

Question 12

What is vegetative reproduction?

Answer 12

When stems from one organism extends for a new plant to develop from them

Question 13

What is fragmentation?

Answer 13

New plant that is grown from a fragment, or tuber from the parent plant

Question 14

What is parthogenesis?

Answer 14

When an unfertilized egg develops into an adult

Question 15

What is a spore?

Answer 15

A structure that contains genetic material and cytoplasm surrounded by a protective sheath wall

Question 16

How are spores transported?

Answer 16

By wind and water

Question 17

What is the diploid generation of plants?

Answer 17

Sporophytes

Question 18

What is the haploid generation of plants?

Answer 18

Gemetophyte

Question 19

Which generation is dominant vascular plants?

Answer 19

Diploid sporophytes

Question 20

Which generation is dominant in non vascular plants?

Answer 20

Haploid gametophytes

Question 21

Which generation is dominant in ferns?

Answer 21

Sporophyte generation

Question 22

What generation is dominant in mosses?

Answer 22

Gametophyte generation

Question 23

What generation is dominant in conifers?

Answer 23

Sporophyte generation

Question 24

Which animals alternate between asexually reproducing and sexually reproducing?

Answer 24

Phylum cnidaria - jellyfish, sea anemones, and corals

Question 25

What is the two forms that the cycle of the Cnidaria is divided into?

Answer 25

• Non motile polp
  *Free swimming medussa

Question 26

What is the life cycle of a jellyfish?

Answer 26

Medussa stage is dominant of exclusive

Question 27

What is the life cycle of a sea anemonea?

Answer 27

Polyp stage is dominant or exclusive

Question 28

What is the life cycle of an obelia?

Answer 28

Alternates regularly between asexual poly and a sexual medusa form

Question 29

What are three advantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 29

• Species can better adapt to environment
• Less competition among siblings
• Homologous chromosomes and crossing over gives opportunities to replace or repair damaged chromosomes