Histology of female reproductive system (week 2)

Question 1

what are the organs of female reproductive system?

Answer 1

Ovary
Uterine (Fallopian) tube
Uterus
Cervix (C)
Vagina

Question 2

what are the 3 parts of the ovary?

Answer 2

H: Hilum
F: Follicle
CL: corpus luteum

Question 3

what is the sequence of ovarian follicular development?

Answer 3

primordial –> primary –> pre-antral (2º) –> early antral (3º) –> mature –> corpus luteum

Question 4

appearance of primordial follicle?

Answer 4

small oocyte with flat follicular cells

Question 5

describe the appearance of a primary follicle

Answer 5

oocyte at maximum diameter with one or more layers of cuboidal granulosa cells
zona pellucida develops

Question 6

cells in stroma of ovary? can give rise to?

Answer 6

theca and granulosa cells, may also give rise to tumours

Question 7

where in the ovary do 90% of ovarian cancers occur?

Answer 7

in the epithelium

Question 8

cells in 2º pre-antral follicle?

Answer 8

Theca folliculi established
O: oocyte
ZP: zona pellucida
G: granulosa cells
TI: theca interna
TE: theca externa

Question 9

cells in 3º early antral follicle?

Answer 9

O: oocyte
A: antrum

Question 10

structures in mature follicle?

Answer 10

CO: cumulus oophorus
CR: corona radiata
A: antrum, containing follicular fluid

Question 11

structures in corpus luteum?

Answer 11

S: septa containing blood vessels
G: granulosa lutein cells
T: theca lutein cells
B: blood clot

Question 12

structures in uterine tube?

Answer 12

Is: Isthmus
A: Ampulla
In: Infundibulum
F: Fimbriae

Question 13

describe endometrium layers within the uterus

Answer 13

endometrium contains:
B: stratum basalis (B)
F: stratum functionalis (F)

stratum functionalis (F) consists of:
S: stratum spongiosum
C: stratum compactum

Question 14

appearance of uterus in Early proliferative stage of menstrual cycle?

Answer 14

glands sparse, straight

Question 15

appearance of uterus in Late proliferative stage of menstrual cycle?

Answer 15

functionalis has doubled, glands now coiled

Question 16

appearance of uterus in Early secretory stage of menstrual cycle?

Answer 16

endometrium max thickness, very pronounced coiled glands

Question 17

appearance of uterus in late secretory stage of menstrual cycle?

Answer 17

glands adopt characteristic “saw-tooth” appearance

Question 18

different sections of the cervix?

Answer 18

endocervical canal
ectocervix
squamocolumnar junction (SCJ)
transformation zone

Question 19

histology of cervix canal?

Answer 19

endocervical canal with mucus-secreting, simple columnar epithelium

Question 20

histology of ectovercix?

Answer 20

ectocervix with stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium

Question 21

significance of transformation zone of cervix?

Answer 21

adjacent to SCJ where majority of neoplasms arise

Question 22

histology of vagina?

Answer 22

1. 3 layered fibromuscular canal
2. glycogen producing non-keratinised squamous epithelium
3. submucosa rich in elastin fibres and highly vascular, NO GLANDS

Question 23

what are breasts?

Answer 23

a single lactiferous duct opens from each of multiple (15-20) lobes

Question 24

what happens to main duct of the breast?

Answer 24

main duct branches repeatedly:
– terminal ducts
– lobular unit, consisting of multiple acini

Question 25

~70% breast malignancies are which type?

Answer 25

infiltrating ductal carcinoma

Question 26

histological appearance of inactive breast tissue?

Answer 26

• limited development of duct-alveolar system (DA)

- relatively dense fibrous interlobular tissue (F)

Question 27

histological appearance of lactating breast tissue?

Answer 27

• highly developed with milk secretions (M) in alveolar lumen
• interlobular tissue reduced to thin septa