Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Repro > 9. foetal physiology (foetal growth - lecture) > Flashcards

9. foetal physiology (foetal growth - lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

what is necessary for foetal growth?

A

hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the hormones required for foetal growth?

A

insulin: IGF I + IGF II (insulin growth factor)
leptin: placental production
DGF, TGF-a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the function of insulin in foetal growth?

A

promotes utilisation of nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

when is IGF II present? how does it differ from IGF I?

A

in the 1st trimester

maternal nutrient INdependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when is IGF I present? how does it differ from IGF II?

A

2nd + 3d trimester

maternal nutrient dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what can malnutrition in foetus cause?

A

symmetrical / asymmetrical growth restriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what can nutritional and hormonal status during foetal life influence?

A

health in later life (Barker’s hypothesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the dominant cellular growth mechanism:

a. 0-20 weeks
b. 20-28 weeks
c. 28 weeks - term

A

a. hyperplasia (increase in cell numbers)
b. hyperplasia + hypertrophy
c. hypertrophy (increase in cell size)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the function of amniotic fluid?

A

within amniotic sac enclosing embryo
protection
contributes to development of lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

approx. how much amniotic fluid is there at 38 weeks?

A

1 litre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how is amniotic fluid produced?

A

foetal urinary tract: urine production by 9 weeks

up to 800ml/day in T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is required for amniotic fluid recycling?

A

foetal lungs
foetal GI tract
placenta and foetal membranes (intramembranous pathway)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how is amniotic fluid recycled?

A

foetus swallowing amniotic fluid (intake)
lung fluid and urine flow (out into amniotic fluid)
(intramembranous = amniotic fluid to foetus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the composition of amniotic fluid?

A

98% water

plus electrolytes, creatinine, urea, bile pigments, renin, glucose, hormones and foetal cells, lanugo and vernix caseosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happens when foetus swallows amniotic fluid?

A

water and electrolytes are absorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happens to the debris from the amniotic fluid swallowed by the foetus?

A

accumulates in gut (called meconium)

17
Q

what is meconium?

A

debris from AF + intestinal secretions including bile

18
Q

what is amniocentesis? why is it carried out?

A

sampling of amniotic fluid
allows for collection of foetal cells
useful diagnostic test e.g. foetal karyotyping

19
Q

during gestation, clearance of foetal bilirubin is handled by?

A

clearance of foetal bilirubin is handled efficiently by placenta

20
Q

can foetus conjugate bilirubin?

A

NO

21
Q

why can’t foetus conjugate bilirubin?

A

immaturity of liver and intestinal processes for metabolism, conjugation and excretion

22
Q

what can be a common symptom if foetus cannot conjugate bilirubin?

A

physiological jaundice

Repro (78 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions