6 Sexually transmitted infections (workbook)

Question 1

where is national data form STIs avaliable from?

Answer 1

genito urinary medicine (GUM) clinics

Question 2

what do GUM clinics notify?

Answer 2

sexually transmitted diseases centrally

Question 3

when has STIs been gradually increasing?

Answer 3

since 1995

Question 4

why has STIs been thought to have been on the increase since 1995?

Answer 4

increased transmission
acceptability of GUM services
greater public awareness
development in diagnostic methods

Question 5

what will the data from GUM services provide?

Answer 5

underestimate the true incidence of STIs as patients may be seen in a variety of OTHER settings e.g. GP, family planning clinics etc.

Question 6

why many GUM underestimate true incidence of STIs?

Answer 6

many infections are asymptomatic e.g. thought that only 10% of chlamydia attend GUM services

Question 7

what are the different types of genital skin and mucous membrane lesions?

Answer 7

genital ulcers
vesicles of Bullae
Genital papules

Question 8

what are examples of genital ulcers? (genital skin and mucous membrane lesions)

Answer 8

HSV (herpes simplex virus)
syphilis
chanchroid (haemophilus ducreyi)

Question 9

what type of infection are Vesicles of Bullae? (genital skin and mucous membrane lesions)

Answer 9

HSV (herpes simplex virus)

Question 10

what are examples of genital papules? (genital skin and mucous membrane lesions)

Answer 10

transient manifestations of STIs
condylomata cuminata (anogenital warts)
umbilicated lesions of Molluscum contagiosum virus

Question 11

how do you examine for genital ulcers?

Answer 11

number, size, tenderness, base, edge

Question 12

what are the different types of urethritis?

Answer 12

gonococcal urethritis
NGU (non-gonococcal urethritis)
post-gonococcal urethritis

Question 13

what are examples of NGU? (type of urethritis)

Answer 13

Chlamydia trachomatis
ureaplasma
mycoplasma
trichomonas HSV

Question 14

what are the different types of vulvo-vaginitis and cervicitis?

Answer 14

vulvovaginitis
cervicitis
Bartholinitis
Bacterial vagionosis (BV)

Question 15

what are examples of vulvovagiitis?

Answer 15

candiasis
trichomoniasis
staphylococcal
foreign body
HSV (herpes simplex virus)

Question 16

what are examples of cervicitis?

Answer 16

C. trachomatis
N. gonorrhoeae
HSV
HPV

Question 17

what is bartholinitis?

Answer 17

polymicrobial infections with endogenous flora

or rarely STIs

Question 18

what does bacterial vaginosis (BV) commonly cause?

Answer 18

vaginal symptoms:
discharge
irritation
odour

Question 19

how do labs diagnosis bacterial vaginosis (BV)?

Answer 19

based on vaginal pH > 4.5
a pungent odour with KOH (whiff test)
presencec of clue cells on wet mount lacking many PNMs

Question 20

what is bacterial vagionosis (BV) postulated to result from?

Answer 20

from a synergistic infection involving the overgrowth of normal flora including Gardnerella vaginalis

Question 21

what are symptoms of vulvo-vaginitis and cervicitis?

Answer 21

vaginal discharge
odour
itch
dyspareunia
soreness

Question 22

what are examples of infections of the female pelvis?

Answer 22

pregnancy related

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Question 23

what are pregnancy related infections of the female pelvis?

Answer 23

chorioamnionitis
post-partum endometriosis
episiotomy infections
puerperal ovarian vein thrombophlebitis
osteomyelitis pubis

Question 24

what are examples of infections relating to the male reproductive system?

Answer 24

prostatitis
epididymitis
orchitis (testes)

Question 25

what are examples of prostatitis?

Answer 25

acute bacterial prostatitis
chronic bacterial prostatitis
chronic pelvic pain syndrome

Question 26

what are examples of epididymitis?

Answer 26

non-specific bacterial epididymitis

sexually transmitted epididymitis

Question 27

what are examples of orchitis?

Answer 27

viral (mumps, coxsackie B) orchitis

pyogenic bacterial orchitis