HERPESVIRIDAE

Question 1

Subfamilies

Answer 1

(Herpes-crawler)- Mammals and humans

Three

1. Alpha (herpes simplex)
2. Beta and
3. Gamma herpesvirinae

• Different:
  Replication times (<24h - >24h)
  Latency sites - ganglia, glands, lymphocytes
  CPE (inclusion bodies)

Question 2

Morphology

Answer 2

Has a Lipid Envelope =
(capsid inside envelope)

Icosahedral Capsid

dsDNA

Question 3

Resistance

Answer 3

Weak.
Sensitive to lipid detergents and solvents.
Unstable in the enviroment.

Question 4

Replication/Baltimore:

Answer 4

Baltimore 1

Replication in the nucleus

Question 5

Biological Properties:

Answer 5

• Usally Stenoxenous
  (except for Pseudo-Rabies)
• Oncogenic - esp. Gamma herpes
• Latent- Hide in ganglia, glands, macrophages and lymphocytes

- Strong CPE
Intranuclear:
Inclusion bodies, 
Syncytia, 
Cell rounding and 
Cell lysis.

Question 6

Antigenic Properties:

Answer 6

Weak immunogens,

• but in animals with a supressed immune system, could be fatal.

Question 7

Diagnosis:

Answer 7

• Isolation/Co-cultivation
• NA Hybridization
• PCR- Polymerase chain reaction
• VN- Virus Neutralization.

Question 8

Alphaherpesvirinae

Answer 8

4 Genera
Simplexvirus
Varicellovirus
Mardivirus
Iltovirus

Question 9

Alphaherpesvirinae

Simplexvirus

Answer 9

1- Bovine herpesmamillitis (BOHV-2) cow teats

2- Simian herpes (B-virus) - Offen lethal to humans- encephalitis

HUMAN
3. Human herpes simplex (HHV 1-2) Genital Herpes

Question 10

Alphaherpesvirinae

Varicellovirus

Answer 10

1. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis
   (IBR, BoHV-1/5)- Rhinotracheitis and abortion
2. Infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV, and balanoposthitis- IBP)
3. Equine Abortion-EHV-1,4,6 (main reason for abortion) esp. EHV-1
4. Coital exanthema- Venereal infections in mares and stallions EHV-3
5. Aujesky’s disease - Pseudorabies (Su-HV) Causes abortion and respiratory.
   Swine: Abortion, respiratory, CNS disease (encephalitis)
   Other species: Lethal CNS e.g.. dogs eating pig meat.
6. Canine Herpes virus (CHV-1) fatal infection in pups.
   - Heat sensitive= within nasal mucosa
7. Feline Rhinotracheitis (Fe-HV1)

HUMAN
8. Human Varicella-Zoster (HHV-3)
Chicken pox

Question 11

Alphaherpesvirinae

Mardivirus

Answer 11

• Marek’s Disease:
  1. Gallid Herpesvirus (GaHV-2-3)
  CNS disease, paralysis, lymph tumours

2. Turkey Herpesvirus (MeHV-1)

Question 12

Alphaherpesvirinae

Litovirus

Answer 12

Infectious laryngeotracheitis GaHV-1

Question 13

Betaherpesvirinae

Answer 13

3 genera

1. Cytomegalovirus
   - Human Cytomegalovirus
   - Moneky, elephant cytomegalovirus
2. Muromegalovirus
   - Mouse and rat cytomegaloviruses
3. Roseolovirus
   - Human roseola infection (HHV 6,7)

Question 14

Gammaherpesvirinea

Answer 14

3 genera:
1- Lymphocryptovirus
2- Rhadinovirus
3- Ictalurivirus

Question 15

Gammaherpesvirinea

1- Lymphocryptovirus

Answer 15

• 1: Epstein-Barr virus (HHV-4)
• Mononucelosis infection
• Burkitt’s Lymphoma
• Naseopharyngeal Lymphoma

-2: Baboon, moneky and ape Herpesvirus

Question 16

Gammaherpesvirinea

2- Rhadinovirus

Answer 16

1. Malignant Catharral Fever of cattle (OvHV-1) -
   * Odema
   * Pnemonia
   a. Sheep: can infect cattle(OvHV1) - no symptoms
   b. Causes infection in African wilderbeest and in zoos. (AlHV-1)
   c. Sheep are symptomless carrier (OvHV-2)
2. Bovine herpesvirus 4 - pneumonia
3. Equine herpes virus 2&5 - foal pnumonia
4. Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpes virus HHV-8
5. Rodent and ruminant herpes virus

Question 17

Gammaherpesvirinea

Ictalurivirus

Answer 17

Channel catfish herpes virus

Question 18

Gammaherpesvirinea

Unassigned herpes virus

Answer 18

1. Swine inclusion body rhinitis (SuHV-2)
   - Upper respiratory tract disease in young pigs.
2. Duck Plague: (Anatid HV-1)
   - causes acute disease in
   * ducks,
   * geese and
   * swans.
   - High mortality rate.
3. Pidgeon and Koi herpes
4. Pacheco´s disease - Parrot hepatitis

Question 19

General

Answer 19

Herpes – reptant, crawler

3 Subfamilies, genera