gestation

Question 1

embryonic period-week 1

Answer 1

-first eight weeks of development
-fertilization
-zygote
-morula
-blastocyst

Question 2

fertlization

Question 3

zygote

Question 4

morula

Question 5

blastocyst

Question 6

embryonic period-week 2

Answer 6

-chorion becomes a principle part of the placenta

Question 7

how does the placenta protect the embryo from the mother’s immune system

Answer 7

-secreting proteins to block mother’s antibodies
-producing T cells (leukocytes) to suppress mother’s immune response

Question 8

embryonic period-week 3

Answer 8

-gastrulation
-neurulation
-angiogenesis

Question 9

gastrulation

Question 10

neurulation

Question 11

angiogenesis

Question 12

embryonic period-week 4-8

Answer 12

-organogenesis
-embryonic folding

Question 13

organogenesis

Question 14

embryonic folding

Question 15

embryonic period-week 9-36

Answer 15

-tissues and organs grow and differentiate

Question 16

by week 12

Answer 16

the placenta divides into feotal (chorion) and maternal portions

Question 17

what does the placenta do?

Answer 17

-stores and diffuses nutrients
-excretes wastes into maternal blood
-mediates exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide and hormones between mother and fetus

Question 18

feotal circulatory system

Answer 18

-umbilical cord
-umbilical vein
-umbilical arteries
-shunt

Question 19

umbilical cord

Question 20

umbilical vein

Question 21

umbilical arteries

Question 22

shunt

Question 23

week 12

Answer 23

-bone formation
-heartbeat detected
-gender determined
-brain expansion
-movement begins
-urine secreted

Question 24

week 16

Answer 24

-meconium (faeces) accumulate in the intestines
-lower limbs strengthen
-body systems develop rapidly

Question 25

week 20

Answer 25

-growth slows down
-brown fat forms
-movements felt by mother
-waxy coat and hair protects skin

Question 26

week 24

Answer 26

-weight gain
-pink and wrinkled skin
-can survive now if prematurely born

Question 27

week 28

Answer 27

-eyes open
-subcutaneous (under the skin) formed
-red bone marrow produces red cells
-lung and nervous systems can control breathing/blood temperature
-‘practise’ breathing

Question 28

week 32

Answer 28

-smooth skin
-upside down position
-8% fat

Question 29

week 36

Answer 29

-abdomen circumference bigger than the head
-growth slows down further
-16% body fat

Question 30

prenatal diagnostic tests

Answer 30

-fetal ultrasonography
-amniocentesis
-abnormalities
-chronic villus sampling
-maternal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

Question 31

fetal ultrasonography

Answer 31

can detect
-fetal age
-position
-confirm pregnancies (or multiple pregnancies

Question 32

amniocentesis

Answer 32

-analyse amniotic fluid
-analyse feotal cells for genetic abnormalities
-by using a needle guided by ultrasound

Question 33

chorionic villus sampling

Answer 33

-analyse amniotic fluid
-analyse feotal cells for genetic abnormalities
-reveal genetic abnormalities

Question 34

maternal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

Answer 34

-uses a blood sample from the mother
-detects if AFP is present after 16 weeks
-indicates neural tube defect