female reproductive system

Question 1

uterine (fallopian) tubes

Answer 1

-receive the ovulated oocyte from the ovaries
-usual site for fertilization

Question 2

uterus

Answer 2

-situated between the urinary bladder and rectum
-recieves , retains, nourishes a fertilized egg

Question 3

protecting cervical health

Answer 3

-HPV spreads through skin contact usually during sexual activity
-links to cervical cancer
-links to genital warts and penile cancer in men

Question 4

cervical screening

Answer 4

-smear tests
-offered between ages 25 and 64
-cell sample taken from cervix to test for HPV
-if HPV found, cells are examined for the presence of enlarged and irregular cell nuclei

Question 5

HPV vaccine

Answer 5

-reduces chance of HPV infection
-recommended for children aged 12-13, gay, bisexual or transgender men under 45, sex workers, HIV-positive patients
-87% reduction in cervical cancer cases when vaccinated at age (12-13)

Question 6

vagina

Answer 6

-passageway extends from cervix to exterior of body and is located between urinary bladder and rectum
-serves as the canal for labour and menstruation
-female organ of copulation

Question 7

myth of hymen and virginity

Answer 7

-many countries practise ‘virginity testing’ on women prior to marriage or employment
-based on the belief that an intact hymen indicated female virginity, however there is no scientific evidence to support this

Question 8

female genital mutilation

Answer 8

-considered a necessary part of raising a girl, to prepare her for adulthood and marriage
-this can include controlling her sexuality to promote premarital virginity and marital fidelity
-can be partial or total removal of the external genitalia, or other injury

Question 9

effects FGM

Answer 9

-no health benefits
-severe bleeding
-problems urinating
-infections
-problems with childbirth
-depression
-anxiety
-PTSD
-Somatisation

Question 10

ovaries

Answer 10

-produce eggs and oestrogen and progesterone
-ovarian follicles consist of oocytes

Question 11

menstrual cycle in females

Answer 11

-menstrual phase (0-4)
-proliferative phase (5-14)
-secretory phase (15-28)

Question 12

menstrual phase

Answer 12

-shedding of the endometrial layer for 3-5 days
-oestrogen increases

Question 13

proliferative phase

Answer 13

-regeneration of the endometrium
-ovulation of day 14

Question 14

secretory phase

Answer 14

-progesterone levels increase
-increased blood supply to endometrium
-if no fertilization, hormone production decreases

Question 15

menstrual health and hygiene

Answer 15

-lack of WASH facilities can discourage girls from attending school
-202- Spain introduced ‘menstrual leave’
-free period products being introduced

Question 16

oogenesis

Answer 16

-oogenesis is the process of producing ova

Question 17

oogenesis process

Answer 17

-stems cells in fetus undergo mitosis to produce primary oocyte which are inactive until puberty

Question 18

what does the anterior pituitary gland produces

Answer 18

-follicle-stimulating hormone- which causes some primary follicles to mature each month
-lueteinizing hormone triggers ovulation of a secondary oocyte
-meiosis starts inside maturing follicle

Question 19

hormone production by the ovaries

Answer 19

-oestrogens are produced by the ovaries

Question 20

secondary sex characteristics

Answer 20

-enlargement of accessory organs of the female reproductive system
-development of breasts
-appearance of axillary and pubic hair
-widening and lightening of the pelvis