basic life processes and requirements

Question 1

what are the basic life processes and requirements

Answer 1

-oxygen
-water
-narrow temperature range
-narrow atmospheric pressure range
-nutrients

Question 2

what two chemical reactions is oxygen required for?

Answer 2

1. oxidation of glucose to generate ATP
2. part of water, inorganic/organic molecules

Question 3

cellular respiration

Answer 3

glucose+ oxygen-> carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 4

hypoxia

Answer 4

-not enough oxygen to the body or local tissues
-can occur at high altitude or exposure to other gases
-symptoms include breathlessness, low blood pressure, even brain damage and death

Question 5

threats to atmospheric oxygen

Answer 5

-deforestation (lots of oxygen producing plants)
-biodiversity loss in marine environments (loss of oxygen phytoplankton)
-air pollution (increased proportion of other atmospheric gases)

Question 6

water

Answer 6

-most abundant chemical in the body
-accounts for 60 to 80% of the body’s weight

Question 7

salts

Answer 7

-ionic compound
-easily dissociate into ions
-vital to many body functions
-all slats are electrolytes

Question 8

threats to salts

Answer 8

-climate change (most frequent drought)
-infrastructure of development (dams cause water loss in some communities)
-pollution (contamination with some plastics)
-biodiversity loss (loss of species that contribute to good water quality such as mussels and mosses)
-industrialisation (release of sewage, agricultural, industrial waste)

Question 9

pharmaceutical and agricultural waste

Answer 9

-narrow temperature range
-narrow atmospheric pressure range

Question 10

narrow temperature range

Answer 10

-typically on average between 35.5℃ and 37.6℃ (can vary with age)
-out of this range, metabolic enzymes can lose structure and function

Question 11

narrow atmospheric pressure range

Answer 11

-exerted by mixture of atmospheric gases
-keep gases within the body
-microgravivity reduces blood flow to tissues